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Item type:Publication, From urban informality to the speculative urban regime: A comparative analysis of three cities in Peru(Ministerio de Fomento, 2024-12-18)In this article we propose the concept of speculative urban regime to confront criticism of the concept of informality, and to describe the contemporary conditions of production of urban space in Peru since 2000. For this purpose, a comparative study of three areas of expansion in Arequipa, Lima and Tacna in Peru, and 91 semi-structured interviews were applied, as well as analysis of secondary and socio-spatial information. The results show that the modes of production of urban space in the three cities of Peru are based on the land dispute with fine speculations. The state apparatus, private companies, criminal networks and civil associations participate in this process in a synergistic manner and with social and legal agreements. The findings allow us to discuss the concept of “speculative urban regime” as a bid to explain the complexity of the power relations involved in the production of urban land on the margins of Peruvian cities. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Residential segregation in two cities in Peru's southern macro-region(Universidad del Bio Bio, 2024-05-01)Studies on residential segregation in Peru have privileged the study of the capital city, to the detriment of cities with other scales and contexts. This article analyzes the residential segregation levels and patterns in two Peruvian cities in the southern macro-region: Arequipa and Tacna. Based on data provided by the 2007 and 2017 censuses, synthetic and spatial segregation indicators were analyzed in both cities, taking as reference the educational level of the head of household and calculating the data on the block, census area, and district scales. The results show that inherited segregation patterns are maintained, while at the same time, the growing middle-class sectors are included in the more consolidated working-class settlements. In addition, processes that reinforce segregation were identified, such as the modification of the role of central areas, urban land production for the upper-class areas, and homogeneity of disadvantages in new areas of urban expansion, which are linked, particularly in the city of Arequipa, to the occupation of risk areas. The study suggests that these processes shape a low-scale urban segregation or fragmentation pattern in both cities, which coexists with inherited patterns. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Woman traders and cross-border circuits: Articulations between care and mobility on the borders of Peru, Bolivia and Chile(Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, 2024-01-01)Cross-border trade is predominantly conducted by women, and involves the movement and articulation of extensive networks for the circulation (formal or not) of products. Engaging with the perspectives of mobility and gender in border studies, this article examines the configuration of cross-border circuits of women traders. The article demonstrates how commercial activities and caregiving are intertwined in these circuits and discusses this overlap through four socio-spatial arrangements: home, places of sale, border crossing and supply locations. The research is based in two Peruvian cities with border conditions—Tacna (bordering Chile) and Puno (bordering Bolivia)—and involved 62 semi-structured interviews with women engaged in various commercial activities in 2022-2023, primarily second-hand clothing and groceries. These activities are part of a global chain of merchandise circulation that closely links the three countries (Bolivia, Chile, and Peru).