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Item type:Publication, Creencias, actitudes y valores relacionados a la infancia y trabajo infantil en madres de Lima Metropolitana(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2020-02-25)The present research sought to identify and analyze the beliefs and attitudes towards childhood and child labor and the association with individual values of mothers from the districts of Villa El Salvador and San Juan de Lurigancho in Lima Metropolitana. Twelve mothers were interviewed using a semi-structured interview. Results indicate that participants link childhood with characteristics and activities related primarily to recreation and education. Likewise, they evaluate child labor in a negative and ambivalent way, which is influenced by living in an unsafe context. Their beliefs and attitudes towards childhood and child labor are rooted in values such as work, progress, responsibility and filiation. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Significados y efectos del voluntariado en los Juegos Panamericanos y Parapanamericanos Lima 2019 y el Proyecto Especial Legado(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-07-04)This study analyzes through a qualitative study of 4 focus groups (n=13) the meanings and effects of volunteering reported by volunteers of the Lima 2019 Pan American and Parapan American Games and the Special Legacy Project. On a personal level, positive emotions are reported, linked to the awareness of having been part of historic events, as well as experiences of personal and interpersonal growth. From the social point of view, favorable effects are reported for the construction of a sense of community, civic awareness and national pride. In the institutional framework, organizational and management aspects are identified that favor favorable conditions for the development of volunteer experiences that generate positive effects both personally and socially. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Tell me what you are like and I will tell you what you believe in: Social representations of COVID-19 in the Americas, Europe and Asia(ISCTE, 2020-12-31)This study analyzes the range and content of Social Representations (SRs) about the COVID-19 pandemic in 21 geographical zones from 17 countries in the Americas, Europe and Asia (N = 4430). Based on Social Representations Theory, as well as the psychosocial consequences of pandemics and crises, we evaluate the perceptions of severity and risks, the agreement with different SRs, and participants’ Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) and Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA). Different sets of beliefs are discussed as SRs, together with their prevalence and association with contextual variables. Results show that severity and risk perceptions were associated with different SRs of the pandemic. Specifically, those focused on Emerging Externalizing zoonotic and ecological factors (the virus is due to Chinese unhygienic habits and the overexploitation of the planet), Polemic Conspiracies (the virus is a weapon), views of Elite and Mass Villains (the elites deceive us and profit with the pandemic), and Personal Responsibility (the neglectful deserves contagion) during the pandemic. Furthermore, most of the SRs are anchored in SDO and, more strongly, in RWA orientations. Additional meta-analyses and multi-level regressions show that the effects are replicated in most geographical areas and that risk perception was a consistent explanatory variable, even after controlling for demographics and ‘real risk’ (i.e., actual numbers of contagion and death). Results suggest that, while coping with and making sense of the pandemic, authoritarian subjects agree with SR that feed a sense of social control and legitimize outgroup derogation, and support punishment of ingroup low-status deviants. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Sex Differences in Mate Preferences Across 45 Countries: A Large-Scale Replication(SAGE Publishing, 2020-04-01)Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives—an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective—offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample ( N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios(Royal Society Publishing, 2021-07-28)A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio's relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries ( n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Reflecting upon the years of political violence in Peru: an experimental study to promote a culture of peace in higher education(Routledge, 2021-01-01)This article analyzes the effect of a pedagogic module, designed to help reflect on political violence in Peru, facilitating political and social attitudes directed toward promoting a culture of peace in higher education settings. As a main source of information for developing the module, Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) report was used. The effects of the module implementation were assessed with a 2 × 2 experimental design, with an experimental group (n = 59) and a control group (n = 62), with pre and post evaluations. Results show the effectiveness of the intervention with significant increases in self-reported knowledge about the TRC and its work, and an agreement that the CVR represented a viable and integrative view of the era of violence. Even more, the pedagogic module attained a reduction of attitudes favorable to violence, and also a reduction of conservative ideological discourses that appear as a risk factor in the expression of new conflicts due to collective motives in post-conflict societies. Nevertheless, the effects observed were limited in some aspects, and the article discusses the need for new dissemination mechanisms about the era of violence to complement the positive effects of the module in the aim of generating a culture of peace. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Affective interpersonal touch in close relationships: a cross-cultural perspective(SAGE Publications Inc., 2021-12-01)Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch.