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The impact of organisational culture, organisational structure and technological infrastructure on process improvement through knowledge sharing
(Emerald, 2020-11-16)
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediator role that knowledge sharing plays between organisational culture, organisational structure, and technology infrastructure and process improvement in a knowledge management context in manufacturing enterprises operating in the food, beverage and textile industry. Design/methodology/approach: An empirical study is conducted with a sample of 200 food, beverage and textile companies. Data are obtained by means of a survey questionnaire applied to general managers in each of the sample firms. The impact of the factors organisational culture, organisational structure and technology infrastructure on process improvement via knowledge sharing is assessed. Structural equation modelling and maximum likelihood estimation are applied to find the direction and strength of the relationships. Findings: The main findings indicate the significant relationships between knowledge sharing and process improvement, between organisational culture and knowledge sharing, and between organisational structure and knowledge sharing. The relationship between technology infrastructure and knowledge sharing is found not to be significant. Research limitations/implications: The findings of the present study are limited to the food, beverage and textile industry. Future research could incorporate data from other manufacturing sectors or service companies. Practical implications: This study provides practical guidance for general managers who wish to implement process improvement programmes. Originality/value: Several authors have noted that there are few research studies concerning the interaction between each phase of knowledge management and total quality management practices. This study is interested in knowledge sharing and its impact on process improvement in a knowledge management context.
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An envelopment-based approach to measuring regional social progress
(Elsevier, 2020-06-01)
Today, more than ever, it is becoming evident that Gross Domestic Product (GDP) alone is not sufficient in guiding national development strategies. In this sense, measuring the social progress of a country can provide an additional lens on national performance, which would eventually help policymakers to not only gain an advanced understanding of the ways that would unleash greater long-term economic success, but also be able to propose strategies that would create the conditions for all individuals in a society to reach their full potential, enhancing and sustaining the quality of their lives. In this paper, we propose a method to measure social progress at the sub-national level, with an application to the Peruvian regions. As such, this paper builds a unified envelopment-based model for integrating a two-stage process of the index generation. We compare and contrast the radial and non-radial envelopment approaches; it is evident from the model that the non-radial approach provides better insights when compared to the radial approach.
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Modern indices for international economic diplomacy
(Springer International Publishing, 2022-01-01)
Composite indices are used by national and international organisations, as well as governments and corporations, to track various performance aspects of a country’s economy and its people, evaluate progress, and engage constructively in policy dialogue; and they have long proven useful as communication tools and inputs into decision-making and policymaking. Modern Indices for International Economic Diplomacy compiles a spectrum of relevant indices for development and well-being used in benchmarking across nations, namely the OECD Better Life Index, the Gini Index, the Gender Equality/Inequality Index, the International Energy Security Risk Index, the Big Mac Index, the Country Risk Index, the Corruption Perceptions Index, and the Global Terrorism Index.The book will be relevant to practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and students interested in the topic of international economic relationships.
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Strategy formulation and service operations in the big data age: The essentialness of technology, people, and ethics
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-01-01)
Studies have shown that the sensible operation of big data may yield powerful insights that can improve the organisations’ strategic decision-making process and contribute to achieving an enhanced competitive advantage. In this manuscript, we explore the promise of big data in redefining strategy in service operations management (SOM) by means of investigating a rich range of bibliographic material. The SOM field has a plethora of research opportunities to capitalise on, which are enhanced by the presence of big data. SOM research in the big data age implies a shift in attention from being increasingly integrative across themes to being integrative across multiple disciplines, requiring the expertise of and tuning between different actors and expertise domains. Our aim is to stimulate debate in the field and set out a renewed research agenda by means of calling for additional considerations of strategic aspects, namely technology, people, and ethics, that can help guide and move the field forward.
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Characteristics and trends in big data for service operations management research: A blend of descriptive statistics and bibliometric analysis
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-01-01)
The field of service operations management has a plethora of research opportunities to capitalise on, which are nowadays heightened by the presence of big data. In this research, we review and analyse the current state-of-the-art of the literature on big data for service operations management. To this aim, we use the Scopus database and the VOSviewer visualisation software for bibliometric analysis to highlight developments in research and application. Our analysis reveals patterns in scientific outputs and serves as a guide for global research trends in big data for service operations management. Some exciting directions for the future include research on building big data-driven analytical models which are deployable in the Cloud, as well as more interdisciplinary research that integrates traditional modes of enquiry with for example, behavioural approaches, with a blend of analytical and empirical methods.
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The Gini index: A modern measure of inequality
(Springer International Publishing, 2022-01-01)
The Gini index is the most widely accepted inequality measure across the Globe, with almost all governmental and international agencies using it to summarise income or wealth inequality in a nation or the world. Although originally developed to be a standardised measure of statistical dispersion intended to understand income distribution, the Gini index has evolved into quantifying inequity in all kinds of distributions of wealth, gender parity, access to education and health services, and environmental policies, among others. In this work, we present the original Gini index, as well as some of the various existent alternative Gini formulations, while also exploring various traditional and modern applications of the index in different settings, at national and international levels. We further discuss the implications of the traditional Gini index for international diplomacy and policymaking and conclude with some future directions on the topic.
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The role of composite indices in international economic diplomacy
(Springer International Publishing, 2022-01-01)
As risks of all sorts, from economic and financial crises to terrorism acts and pandemics, keep on characterising and affecting all aspects of life globally, at the individual and societal level, national and international organisations, as well as governments, need to be constantly adapting and collaborating through international diplomacy to pursue common goals for people’s well-being. This is where the topic of composite indices comes up. Composite indices are used by national and international organisations, and governments and businesses alike, to monitor different performance aspects of the economy of a country and the people therein; and they have historically been valuable as communication tools and as inputs into decision and policymaking. In this work, we delve into the relevant literature to explore the link between international diplomacy, institutions, and composite indices, with the aim to highlight the usefulness of composite indices in practice. We conclude with final thoughts and recommendations for future research on the topic.
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International energy security risk index and energy diplomacy
(Springer International Publishing, 2022-01-01)
It has long been recognised that energy supply disruption due to geopolitical issues, forces of nature or transient economic events have far-reaching adverse economic and social effects on energy importing countries and severe effects on producing and transit countries due to the loss of revenues. Several international organisations, including International Energy Agency (IEA), USA Global Energy Institute (GEI), World Economic Forum (WEF), Australian Government (RET) and researchers are engaged in identifying and quantifying the risks indicators, metrics, and indexes. Their objective is to formulate risk mitigation strategies, policies and actions, including increasing the reliance on renewable energy, energy diplomacy, diversification, development of local resources, improving agreements, and economisation on energy use. The energy triangle consisting of secure access to energy, economic growth and environmental degradation will increasingly derive much of the work on energy security. This chapter looks at the energy security risks, risk evaluation metrics, indexes, proposed mitigation strategies and policies, and discusses two of the indexes used to evaluate the energy security risks. In this chapter, the energy security risk is described in similar terms to those used in risk management standards and practices for other applications, not addressed clearly in the energy security literature.
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Examining operational efficiency with prudent risks of Covid-19: a contextual DEA analysis with an undesirable intermediate measure
(Springer, 2026-05-01)
In the wake of the losses of human lives and disruption to the world economy caused by the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become imperative to assess the effectiveness of containment strategies adopted by countries. The success of any containment strategy of achieving low mortality and high recovery rate depends on the efficient utilization of available but limited resources, such as number of hospital beds and healthcare workers. While the spreading pattern of the pandemic has been researched heavily, there is limited research that comprehensively focuses on the efficient utilization of available resources to achieve the desired aims of low mortality and high recovery. In order to close this research gap, we employ a two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) to identify the inefficiency in the process and resolve the resource constraints by considering medical and non-medical (administrative) interventions as two serial stages. The number of infected people is treated as the intermediate product, which is an undesirable output of the first stage and subsequently enters the second stage as an input. This network DEA model successfully addresses the conflict between the two stages over the handling of infected people and assesses the vulnerabilities of the countries against the transmission rates of the disease in the respective countries. Thus, the objective of this study is to develop a well-coordinated plan for different government agencies to jointly mitigate the risk under constrained resources. The findings reveal that almost 60% of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries have used their resources suboptimally and are producing, on average, almost half the amount of the maximum possible outputs. As a sizeable amount of inefficiency can be explained by varying economic and demographic factors, such as health expenditure and the proportion of the aged population, the efficiency evaluation has been revisited with adjustments for unfavorable externalities. The analysis and its implications can help policymakers formulate optimal resource plans and identify potential areas for improvement.
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