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Item type:Publication, Women-led social entrepreneurship: A phenomenological study in Peru(Institute of Economic Sciences, 2024-11-27)This study uses a phenomenological approach to explore the experiences of 30 women leaders in Peruvian social entrepreneurship. Through in-depth interviews analyzed using Moustakas's (1994) methodology, the research proposes a framework for understanding the initiation and development of women-led social enterprises, considering individual, social, cultural, and institutional factors. It also examines the impact of these ventures on the leaders and society, as well as the resources utilized. The findings offer insights for policymakers aiming to support entrepreneurial ecosystems. This study is unique in its focus on Peru, a country with the highest women labor force participation in Latin America and strong entrepreneurial activity. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Incas have no end: Women artisans in Peru and the continuity of their entrepreneurial activity(Emerald Publishing, 2024-11-11)Through focusing on the Peruvian context, this paper aims to identify the main determinants of the continuity of entrepreneurial activity among women artisans. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical sample comprises semi-structured interviews with 28 women artisans in Peru during their participation in a fair organized by the Peruvian Ministry of Culture in Lima (Peru). Thematic analysis was subsequently used to determine the main ideas in the transcripts from the interviews conducted. Findings: The findings empirically identified the following job-related (number of work hours, perceived income, future of artisanal jobs), functional (availability and relevance of workstations, the necessity to travel) and socio-cultural determinants (government support, perceived recognition, level of affiliation with Peruvian traditions) as the main drivers of the continuity of entrepreneurial activities among women artisans. Originality/value: This paper contributes by filling a gap in the literature on women entrepreneurship and artisan entrepreneurship in which empirical studies of Latin American women artisans continuing with their entrepreneurial activities have been limited so far. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Context really matters: Why do women artisans in the Peruvian context avoid the sole ownership of their enterprises?(Emerald Publishing, 2024-10-29)The aim of this paper is to find out why women artisans in Peru avoid the sole ownership of their enterprises while preferring to work in associations. Design/methodology/approach: The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 28 women artisans in Peru during their participation in a fair organized by the Peruvian Ministry of Culture in Lima (Peru). Thematic analysis was subsequently used to develop the main themes and sub-themes of the study. Findings: The authors of the present study have found that women artisans in Peru choose to work in associations instead of via the sole ownership of their enterprises because of the following three categories of motives: contextual (low operational cost of family-owned associations, more compliance with the surrounding institutional context), cultural (commitment to parenting, experiencing less marginalization, zero responsibility, and greater work flexibility) and marketing-related motives (eliciting more social support, guaranteeing more invitations to participate in artisanal fairs). Originality/value: This paper contributes by filling a gap in the literature on artisan entrepreneurship in which studies on women artisans in Latin American contexts and why they choose to work in associations have been limited so far.2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Gender inequality in time allocation across life stages: A comparative study in a Latin American country(Routledge, 2024-01-01)The study analyzes gender differences in time use in the Latin American context, from a comparative perspective (2010–2019) and across life stages. Particularly, the study presents evidence on the likelihood of women and men spending time on three types of activities: Household work, paid work activities, and personal activities. Logistic regression was applied using data from time use surveys conducted in Peru in 2010 and 2019. The results suggests that women were much more likely to spend additional time on household work, while men were more likely to spend additional time on paid work and personal activities. However, these differences became less pronounced in 2019. In terms of age groups, a U-shaped and an inverted U-shaped pattern were found for paid work activities and household chores respectively. In both cases, the largest gender gap was found in the 30–39 age group, possibly related to motherhood. The originality of the research lies in providing a comprehensive analysis of gender inequality in time use in a developing country that has one of the highest rates of female labor force participation in the region, and is also characterized by a patriarchal structure in which machismo and marianismo influence time distribution. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Autonomy, competence and relatedness: How and why do artisan entrepreneurs act as responsible leaders?(Emerald Publishing, 2024-08-27)The aim of this paper is to answer the question: What stimulates artisan entrepreneurs to act as responsible leaders? Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative research method was employed and semi-structured interviews with 30 artisans working in four different artisanal activities were used to gather the data. Thematic analysis was subsequently applied to the interview transcripts. Findings: The findings suggest that the main factors causing artisan entrepreneurs to act responsibly are as follows: autonomy (the authority artisans exercise in managing their businesses; preserving socio-cultural identity is an artisan’s main duty; proving an individual competency in implementing society-related priorities), competence (adhering to generally accepted business practices; simplicity of developing and maintaining the social agenda of artisan enterprises; meeting the clients’ desire in exercising a social awareness) and relatedness (returning social favours; necessitating involvement with different stakeholders; contributing to the common good). Originality/value: This paper contributes by filling a gap in the literature on artisan entrepreneurship, responsible leadership and research in tourism and hospitality, in which empirical studies on the responsible practices of artisan entrepreneurs have been limited so far. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Why might home-based work duties be perceived by female academics as extreme? A qualitative study(Emerald Publishing, 2024-10-25)This study aims to answer the following question: Why might home-based work duties be perceived by female academics as extreme? Design/methodology/approach: We employed a qualitative research method through semi-structured interviews with 33 female academics from three public universities selected from amongst 26 public institutions of higher education in Egypt. Thematic analysis was subsequently used to determine the main ideas in the transcripts. Findings: We find that the sudden implementation of home-based work makes the academic duties of female academics extreme. Moreover, the following four factors help explain the extremity/intensity of the home-based work of female academics: mental and physical fatigue resulting from WFH, the inability to adequately meet family commitments when working from home (WFH), poor resources for home-based work and reduced ability to focus on the obstacles facing them in their academic career. Originality/value: This paper contributes by filling a gap in human resources management and higher education in which empirical studies on female academics WFH and extreme academic duties have been limited so far. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Influence of psychological capital on innovation capacity: An empirical study on banking institutions(Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd, 2024-08-01)The capacity for innovation is a key component required for companies to generate added value and to expand into new markets. In this regard, it is important to find factors that improve the capacity for innovation. One such credible factor is psychological capital. This article aims to examine the influence of psychological capital on innovation capacity. An empirical study, based on data collected from 520 employees of banking institutions in Peru, was carried out to this end. Our results revealed the positive and significant influence of psychological capital on innovation capacity. Based on dimensions of psychological capital, it was found that self-efficacy and optimism positively influenced the capacity for radical innovation. Likewise, optimism and hope were found to positively influence the capacity for incremental innovation, but resilience had no positive influence on either radical innovation or incremental innovation. This work provides business leaders with a deeper understanding of psychological factors that are deemed necessary to promote and improve innovation capacity in companies. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The effects of global citizenship and awareness of need on the behavioral intention of volunteer tourists(Cognizant Communication Corporation, 2024-01-01)Over the past decade, volunteer tourism has emerged as a popular alternative to traditional tourism, as evidenced by the growing number of organizations and participants worldwide. However, less attention has been paid to understanding the behavior of volunteer tourists. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the intention to participate in volunteer tourism. Using a quantitative approach, a model including self-efficacy, awareness of need, and global citizenship within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior was developed to analyze the behavioral intention of volunteer tourists. The structural equation modeling technique was applied to the results of a questionnaire completed by 235 volunteer tourists. The results confirmed that awareness of need moderated the relationship between self-efficacy and subjective norms on behavioral intention to engage in volunteer tourism, and that attitudes partially mediated the relationship between global citizenship and intention to engage in volunteer tourism. The originality of the present study was to assess the indirect effect of global citizenship on the intention of individuals to engage in volunteer tourism, through their attitudes. The results represent the first attempt to quantitatively assess the impact of global citizenship on volunteer tourism. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Volunteer tourism: A systematic literature review(SAGE Publications Inc., 2024-04-01)In recent years, volunteer tourism has flourished as an alternative to traditional tourism aimed at fostering reciprocity between participants and the host community. Although this led to an increasing interest among scholars, little attention has been given on identifying the current state of knowledge on volunteer tourism. This systematic literature review is designed to evaluate the academic literature on volunteer tourism in terms of the research methodology, population, geographical location, theoretical framework, and research topics. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, this paper covers 184 articles published in Web of Science database from January 2010 to December 2021. Findings reveal that most of the research on volunteer tourism have been conducted from a qualitative approach taking volunteer tourists as study sample. Results show that previous literature on volunteer tourism have been focused on the following perspectives: studies focused on the experience of key stakeholders, studies aimed at understanding the volunteer tourism industry, studies on volunteer tourism as it relates to sustainable development, and studies focused on volunteer tourism and global citizenship. The analysis of current state of knowledge about volunteer tourism also suggests several directions for further research in this domain. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Identifying factors influencing women academics in STEM careers: Evidence from a Latin American country(Emerald Publishing, 2024-07-08)This phenomenological study, conducted within the discourse on the underrepresentation of women in academia, examined the factors influencing the advancement of women academics in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Design/methodology/approach: The sample comprised twenty-one women academics from both public and private universities in Peru. Data were collected through in-depth interviews based on the women's experiences and subsequently processed using Moustakas’ (1994) stages for encoding, categorization, and analysis. Findings: The study introduces a conceptual framework of nine factors – personal tastes and preferences, attitudes towards science as a vocation, care work, work–life balance, congruent gender roles, occupational segregation, lack of opportunities, low salaries, and lack of gender equality policies – that impact the career progression of women in STEM fields. Originality/value: The results offer valuable insights for policymakers and academic authorities to address the barriers affecting women academics in STEM. The uniqueness of this paper lies in its investigation in Peru, a country with the highest female labor force participation in Latin America, where women constitute the majority of undergraduate program graduates.