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Author: search.filters.author.Antonio Pérez-BalarezoSubject: search.filters.subject.Paiján

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    Paiján Point Technology in Brazil? Morpho-technological Considerations on a Crystal Quartz Point
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2026-01-01)
    We report a Paiján-style crystal quartz projectile point from Ilha dos Moisés (São Francisco River, Northeast Brazil), far beyond the securely documented Andean range of Paiján technology and recovered from a surface palimpsest. Using diagnostic criteria, morphometrics, and technological comparison with the Peruvian reference series, we assess similarity at the artifact level. The specimen displays a pronounced apical “needle,” a convex-sided body, and a barbed basal unit, shaped through controlled bifacial thinning by soft-hammer percussion and localized pressure retouch within the notches, resulting in marked bilateral symmetry and minimal thickness variation. Selective cortex retention and blank orientation to enhance internal planar features further suggest deliberate aesthetic planning and display value. Despite the surface context, the specimen anchors an artifact-level identification of the Paiján style in Northeast Brazil and provides explicit criteria for future comparative testing.
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    Quartz Crystal Fishtail Projectile Point and Paiján Technology from the Pampa Lechuza Site, South-Central Coastal Desert of Peru
    (Taylor & Francis, 2025-01-01)
    Fishtail projectile points, found from Central America to southern South America during the Late Pleistocene, are typically flint-based but occasionally crafted from quartz. This work examines quartz crystal specimens from Peru's Pampa Lechuza site (Ica Valley), dated to the Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene, including Fishtail and Paiján Points. The co-occurrence of these technologies in south-central Peru suggests a more intricate scenario of Andean peopling during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition.
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    3D modeling as a tool for Paiján artifact preservation, dissemination, and analysis
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-06-01)
    Paiján lithic studies have provided significant insights into the technological behaviors of hunter-gatherer groups in the Andean region during the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene. Over decades, research has predominantly relied on typological, technological, and experimental approaches. While valuable, these methods often lack quantification, replicability, and are heavily influenced by analysts’ experience and intuition. Estimating volumes, angles, convexities, and cross-sections remains challenging and subjective. This study evaluates the potential of 3D tools to address these limitations. We applied 3D and documentation techniques to a lithic sample from Quebrada Santo Domingo (Laredo, Trujillo) in the subtropical desert of the lower Moche Valley, northern Peru. These artifacts face destruction due to industrial and urban expansion, underscoring the urgency of their preservation. Our findings demonstrate the utility of 3D analysis in enhancing the accuracy of shape and geometry assessments while supporting digital preservation and enabling broader, more objective dissemination of archaeological data.
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