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New 3D morpho-technological data on fishtail points from tropical lowlands, Piauí State, Northeastern Brazil
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024-01-01)
Here we report two newly discovered Fishtail projectile points from Jurema and Anísio de Abreu, southern Piauí, northeastern Brazil. These are two complete bifacial pieces made of flint and chalcedony. Only one Fishtail point has been previously reported north of the 22° parallel. This paper significantly adds new data by providing a detailed analysis of the morphology, technology, use-wear, and a 3D semi-automated analysis of this important cultural marker in South America.
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Technological variability in the Hoabinhian: the example of slab lithic production from the Doi Pha Kan site (Northern Thailand)
(Elsevier BV, 2025-02-12)
This research examines the unique lithic technology at the Doi Pha Kan site dated 13 300 to 12 800 calBP in Northern Thailand during the Hoabinhian period (which globally extends from the final Late Pleistocene to Mid Holocene) by means of a technological and morpho-metric analysis. While it shares similarities with typical Hoabinhian assemblages, significant deviations in reduction methods, targeted tool types, and the singular presence of reduction sequences dedicated to the production of a diversity of slab tools. Nevertheless, the study blanks the existence of a distinct population within the Hoabinhian world, indicating a shift towards lighter, composite tools, which may represent a modern trajectory or the final phase of the Hoabinhian culture. The study also explores the potential influence of climatic fluctuations at the end of the Late Pleistocene on human behaviors and the evolution of modern human diversity in Southeast Asia. However, due to limited available paleoenvironmental data and data with a few seasonal contrasts in the tropics within a world without winter, a direct connection remains elusive for the moment. The study underscores the need for further research and interdisciplinary collaboration for comprehensive understanding of human paleoecology in the region as well as innovative technical adaptation.
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Microscopic Use-Wear Evidence for an Itaparica Uniface as a Hafted Multifunctional Tool
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-01-01)
This report presents the results of a microscopic use-wear analysis on a unifacial tool from an Itaparica-like context at the Toca dos Coqueiros site, in Serra da Capivara National Park, Northeastern Brazil. The analysis focuses on evidence of hafting and multifunctionality. These artifacts, found in central and northeastern Brazil from the late Pleistocene to the early Holocene, are associated with the Itaparica technocomplex. We present evidence of butchery, ochre processing, and hafting with resin residues, suggesting complex hafting systems. Functional hypotheses are proposed based on microscopic and macroscopic observations.
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Large Obsidian Bifaces from a Middle Horizon Ritual Offering in the South-Central Coast of Peru: Provenance and Technology
(Cambridge University Press, 2026-01-01)
This report presents the provenance and technological analysis of two large obsidian bifaces recovered from a Middle Horizon (ca. AD 600–1000) ritual abandonment context at the coastal site of Cerro de Oro in the Cañete Valley, Peru. Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analysis identifies Quispisisa as the obsidian source, thereby documenting its circulation beyond highland Wari contexts. Technological analysis indicates contrasting trajectories: one biface shows no evidence of use, whereas the other exhibits macro use wear consistent with woodworking. Its location in a residential complex suggests community participation in the acquisition and ritual re-signification of prestigious nonlocal materials.
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De la forma a la estructura en tecnología lítica: una nueva metodología para los Andes Centrales (Perú)
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2025-05-07)
This article presents a methodology for the technostructural analysis of carved lithic artifacts that aims to understand how tools were used in the past. The proposal is based on the premise that all tools are a threefold structured system that comprises three parts: transformative, prehensility and energy reception. An artifact belonging to the lithic assemblage recovered at the site of Vadopampa in Ayacucho, Peru, has been analysed with the help of students as an example of the application of the technostructural approach. The paper thus introduces a new methodology for the Central Andes in a didactic and critical way, promotes a dynamic perspective for lithic tools, and assesses the potential and the limits of all technological interpretations.
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3D modeling as a tool for Paiján artifact preservation, dissemination, and analysis
(Elsevier BV, 2025-06-01)
Paiján lithic studies have provided significant insights into the technological behaviors of hunter-gatherer groups in the Andean region during the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene. Over decades, research has predominantly relied on typological, technological, and experimental approaches. While valuable, these methods often lack quantification, replicability, and are heavily influenced by analysts’ experience and intuition. Estimating volumes, angles, convexities, and cross-sections remains challenging and subjective. This study evaluates the potential of 3D tools to address these limitations. We applied 3D and documentation techniques to a lithic sample from Quebrada Santo Domingo (Laredo, Trujillo) in the subtropical desert of the lower Moche Valley, northern Peru. These artifacts face destruction due to industrial and urban expansion, underscoring the urgency of their preservation. Our findings demonstrate the utility of 3D analysis in enhancing the accuracy of shape and geometry assessments while supporting digital preservation and enabling broader, more objective dissemination of archaeological data.
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