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Work from home feasibility and challenges for public sector employees in a developing country
(Emerald Publishing, 2024-01-01)
Drawing on work from home (WFH), job demand-control and street-level bureaucracy literature streams, this paper specifically focuses on the emerging trend of WFH for public sector employees in a developing country context of Egypt. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical sample comprises focus group discussions with a total of 40 public sector employees in Egypt. Thematic analysis was subsequently used on focus group discussion transcripts to bring out main themes linked to this topic. Findings: Our findings show that employee (marginal discretion power, pharaonism, corruption), citizen (unfamiliarity with digital services) and country (lack of proper info-structure, overstaffing in the public sector)- level challenges hinder and/or slow down the potential for WFH in Egyptian public sector. Practical implications: A major implication of our paper relates to highlighting the criticality of e-governance and WFH for public sector employees, as well as highlighting multilevel challenges associated with those. At the same time, socio-economic and political consequences of offering such options need to be considered in a country like Egypt where most public organisations are overstaffed, and those employees lack modern day employability skills. Hence, there needs to be an open debate in countries such as Egypt on the consequences of e-governance and WFH and whether it may facilitate delivering citizen services digitally. Also, high power distance culture plays a role in this context, and any change cannot be successful unless that specific aspect is confronted. Originality/value: This study contributes to the emerging WFH literature by being one of the pioneering studies to offer a multilevel (micro, meso and macro) assessment of this phenomenon in the under-researched fragile developing country’s context.
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To What Extent Does Virtual Learning Promote the Implementation of Responsible Management Education? A Study of Management Educators
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-07-01)
This paper aims to explore the extent to which virtual learning fosters the implementation of responsible management education (RME) in public business schools in Egypt. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 27 management educators working at three public business schools in Egypt. Thematic analysis was undertaken on the collected data resulting in four major themes. The findings reveal that management educators perceive difficulty in implementing responsible management education in the context of virtual learning due to the following four factors: employing a student-centred learning approach, inability to use collaborative teaching pedagogies in virtual learning, lack of academic freedom, and poor info-structure characterising the Egyptian context. The present study is the pioneering works to empirically investigate the relationship between the shift towards virtual learning and the implementation of responsible management education, particularly in non-Western contexts.
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Responsible Leadership Practices in the Hospitality Sector Family Businesses: Evidence from an Emerging Market
(Emerald Publishing, 2023-11-14)
The study aims to find out the extent to which hospitality sector family-owned businesses in Egypt feel committed to responsible leadership practices and subsequently meet their stakeholders' expectations. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 owners of family restaurants in Egypt. Thematic analysis was undertaken on the collected data resulting in four major themes. Findings: The authors find that the four dimensions (aggregation of virtuousness, stakeholder involvement, individual competencies and ethical contributions) are not fully exercised by the owners despite their readiness to behave correctly according to social norms. Furthermore, the respondents elaborated that they do not fully understand how to commence playing a role in contributing to the common good in their societies. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the present study is the first to empirically investigate responsible leadership practices in the context of small and medium-sized family businesses (restaurants in this case), particularly in the emerging market and non-Western contexts.
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Psychological Contract of Employees in Family-Owned Hotels: The Role of Talent Management Practices
(Emerald Publishing, 2023-11-14)
This study aims to analyse how talent management practices in family-owned hotels contribute to their employees' fulfilment of their psychological contract. Design/methodology/approach: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 employees working at three different family business hotels in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt. Moreover, thematic analysis was undertaken on the collected data resulting in four major themes. Findings: The findings revealed that stimulating employees to fulfil their psychological contract towards their family-owned hotels leads to several benefits. First, it leads to talent management practices that support crisis management, sustainability and resilience. Second, it contributes to empathy towards or at least a deep concern for the future of work in the hospitality sector. Third, to fulfil their psychological contract, employees, particularly non-family members, require inclusive talent management and ongoing training programmes tailored to prepare them to meet current and future challenges in the hospitality sector. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, the present study is the first study to empirically investigate the relationship between talent management practices and the psychological contract of employees in family-owned hotels, especially in developing economy context of Egypt. Also, it is one of the pioneering studies to unpack these dynamics for family as well as non-family employees.
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Live Like an Ant to Eat Sugar: Nurses’ Engagement in Extreme Work Conditions and Their Perceptions of Its Ethicality
(Routledge, 2023-07-22)
Based on recent research on extreme work and social exchange theory, this paper presents a pioneering study focussed on public hospital nurses’ engagement in extreme work conditions and its associated ethical aspects. The empirical part comprises of 32 in-depth interviews conducted with nurses in four public hospitals in Egypt. Our findings highlight how a misunderstanding of religion, gender inequality, average education, and staff shortages are the main reasons of nurses’ engagement in intensive jobs. Moreover, poor physical and mental health, lack of time for personal commitments, and a sense of coercion emerged as aspects that raise questions regarding the (un)ethicality of nurses engaging in extreme work.
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Extreme Work Environment and Career Commitment of Nurses: Empirical Evidence from Egypt and Peru
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2023-02-06)
Purpose This paper aim to analyse the motives behind the commitment of nurses to their profession despite their intense job duties during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach The empirical sample comprises of 35 semi-structured interviews with public sector hospital nurses in under-researched contexts of Egypt and Peru. Findings Three types of motives were found to play a critical role in nurses’ commitment to their profession despite the difficulties associated with extreme work conditions. These factors include cultural (religious values, governmental coercion), contextual (limited education, organisational support) and personal (good nurse identity, submissive nature) dimensions. Originality/value This paper is one of the pioneering works to link existing literature streams on career commitment, extreme jobs, extreme context and management under disruptions (particularly COVID-19) by analysing these aspects in the under-researched Peruvian and Egyptian contexts.
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When extreme events become the norm: how do artisan entrepreneurs adapt identity?
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2025-01-01)
This paper aims to identify the extent to which extreme events in the tourism and hospitality sector force artisan entrepreneurs to re-orient their entrepreneurial identity and how they respond to these extreme events. Design/methodology/approach The empirical data comprises of semi-structured interviews with 24 artisan entrepreneurs in Egypt, operating in the following fields: handmade dresses, carpets, papyrus design and sales. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse these interviews. Findings The findings indicate a marginal effect on the identity of dress-making artisans from the occurrence of extreme events because they mostly have a stable local demand for their products. Hence, they follow a separation strategy in response to extreme events. The findings further show a moderate influence on the identity of carpet-making artisans who supply a regular demand from mosques and churches for their carpets. At the same time, changing taste and the rise of artificial intelligence make them follow an integration strategy in response to extreme events and associated shocks. The strongest impact of extreme events is found on papyrus artisans who have been forced to re-orient their traditional working methods and expectations in response to extreme events (e.g. a decrease in tourists, Covid-19, the war in Ukraine). Papyrus artisans have no discernible local demand for their products and face decreasing tourist numbers and tough competition from Chinese products, while also lacking discernible government support. Originality/value This paper is one of the pioneering studies to link artisan entrepreneurship specific entrepreneurial identity dynamics with extreme events in a local context. This linkage significantly fills a gap in both entrepreneurship, tourism and management literature.
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Senior entrepreneurship in economically constrained contexts: a qualitative exploration
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2025-06-17)
Drawing on psychological development and mixed embeddedness theories, the authors of the present paper seek to identify why some senior individuals in the Egyptian context actively engage in self-employment while others avoid it. Design/methodology/approach The empirical sample comprised semi-structured interviews with 30 senior entrepreneurs who have pursued entrepreneurial activities for at least one year. Thematic analysis was subsequently used to determine the main ideas in the interview transcripts. Findings The authors identified the following three categories of motives: cultural (religious considerations, successful global and local role models, networking and social recognition), economic (minimal required business skills and capital, zero tax and no business registration, expectations of profits and guaranteed market and insufficient pension for life needs) and ageing and individual motivations (reviving their civilisational heritage, abundance of time and escaping from loneliness). We consider these as explaining why senior individuals engage in entrepreneurial activities. Moreover, the authors found that the health status of senior individuals, negative influence on pension and limited capital available are the main reasons why some seniors avoid self-employment. Originality/value This paper contributes by filling a gap in the literature on senior entrepreneurship, about which empirical studies, particularly in the context of North African economically uncertain countries, such as Egypt, have been limited so far.
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Navigating between Grand Challenges and Unusual Work Setbacks: How Do Public Managers Use Strategic Human Resources Management?
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025-09-01)
The current study seeks to identify how public bank managers use strategic human resources management to overcome unusual work setbacks. Study findings revealed three categories of outcomes of the usage of SHRM by public bank managers. The analysis revealed that SHRM usage by public bank managers is visible in form of workplace (securing new work arrangements, caring about mental health, acting as a liaison between bankers and the senior management), task-specific (adjusting job design to suit grand challenges, securing more discretionary power) and contextual (seeking greater stakeholder engagement, using experience and abilities to anticipate economic changes) manifestations.
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Grand Societal Challenges Really Matter: How Does the Resilience of Physicians Contribute to That of the Hospital? A Qualitative Exploration
(Wiley, 2025-05-01)
This paper is one of the few studies to specifically investigate how the physicians' resilience (individual level) can potentially contribute to that of their hospitals (organizational level) in the context of grand societal challenges. The empirical sample comprises semi‐structured interviews with 32 physicians working in four Egyptian public hospitals. Thematic analysis was subsequently used to analyze interviews. The findings show that in the context of grand societal challenges (increased numbers of refugees in this case), physicians can contribute to the resilience of the public hospitals they work in through different practices. In particular, we found contextual practices (prioritizing the main challenges, ensuring a rational use of discretionary power), procedural practices (ensuring the creation of public value, fostering collaboration with private hospitals) and developmental practices (adopting a “work first” approach, exercising routines through learning) to be vital in this concern.
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