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    Observation of the Ωð2012Þ baryon at the LHC
    (American Physical Society, 2025)
    A signal consistent with the Ω ( 2012 ) baryon has been observed with a significance of 15 σ in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV at the LHC. In this paper, the analysis technique is described and measurements of the mass and width of the Ω ( 2012 ) are reported, along with the first measurement of its transverse-momentum spectrum and yield. This paper corroborates the observation by the Belle Collaboration of this excited Ω state and the observation that the Ω ( 2012 ) has a rather narrow width for a strongly decaying resonance. The yield measurement is combined with a statistical thermal model calculation of strange baryon yield ratios to obtain estimates of the Ω ( 2012 ) − → Ξ K ¯ branching ratios. These results will improve our understanding of the internal structure and mass spectrum of excited baryon states and serve as a baseline for searches regarding modifications of these properties in high-temperature media.
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    Item type:Publication,
    First Measurement of A = 4 Hypernuclei and Antihypernuclei at the LHC
    (American Physical Society, 2025)
    In this Letter, the first evidence of the 4/Λ H ̅ⅇ antihypernucleus is presented, along with the first measurement at the LHC of the production of (anti)hypernuclei with mass number A = 4, specifically (anti) 4/Λ H and (anti) 4/Λ He. In addition, the antiparticle-to-particle ratios for both hypernuclei (4/Λ H ̅/4/Λ H = and 4/Λ H ̅ⅇ = 4/Λ Hⅇ) are shown, which are sensitive to the baryochemical potential of the strongly interacting matter created in heavy-ion collisions. The results are obtained from a data sample of central Pb-Pb collisions, collected during the 2018 LHC data taking at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of √ˢɴɴ = 5.02 TeV. The yields measured for the average of the charge-conjugated states are found to be [0.78 ± 0.19(stat) ± 0.17(syst)] × 10⁻⁶ for the (anti) 4/Λ H, and [1.08 ± 0.34(stat) ± 0.20(syst)] × 10⁻⁶ for the (anti) 4/Λ He, and the measured antiparticle-to-particle ratios are in agreement with unity. The presence of (anti) 4/Λ H and (anti) 4/Λ He excited states is expected to strongly enhance the production yield of these hypernuclei. The yield values exhibit a combined deviation of 3.3σ from the theoretical ground-state-only expectation, while the inclusion of the excited states in the calculations leads to an agreement within 0.6σ with the present measurements. Additionally, the measured (anti) 4/Λ H and (anti) 4/Λ He masses are compatible with the world-average values within the uncertainties.
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