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Item type:Publication, First Measurement of A = 4 Hypernuclei and Antihypernuclei at the LHC(American Physical Society, 2025)In this Letter, the first evidence of the 4/Λ H ̅ⅇ antihypernucleus is presented, along with the first measurement at the LHC of the production of (anti)hypernuclei with mass number A = 4, specifically (anti) 4/Λ H and (anti) 4/Λ He. In addition, the antiparticle-to-particle ratios for both hypernuclei (4/Λ H ̅/4/Λ H = and 4/Λ H ̅ⅇ = 4/Λ Hⅇ) are shown, which are sensitive to the baryochemical potential of the strongly interacting matter created in heavy-ion collisions. The results are obtained from a data sample of central Pb-Pb collisions, collected during the 2018 LHC data taking at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of √ˢɴɴ = 5.02 TeV. The yields measured for the average of the charge-conjugated states are found to be [0.78 ± 0.19(stat) ± 0.17(syst)] × 10⁻⁶ for the (anti) 4/Λ H, and [1.08 ± 0.34(stat) ± 0.20(syst)] × 10⁻⁶ for the (anti) 4/Λ He, and the measured antiparticle-to-particle ratios are in agreement with unity. The presence of (anti) 4/Λ H and (anti) 4/Λ He excited states is expected to strongly enhance the production yield of these hypernuclei. The yield values exhibit a combined deviation of 3.3σ from the theoretical ground-state-only expectation, while the inclusion of the excited states in the calculations leads to an agreement within 0.6σ with the present measurements. Additionally, the measured (anti) 4/Λ H and (anti) 4/Λ He masses are compatible with the world-average values within the uncertainties.3