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    Removal of heavy metals using a wetland batch system with Carrizo (Phragmites Australis)
    (Research Square, 2020-11-09)
    Abstract One of the greatest environmental issues related to the development of the mining activity is the generation of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). This effluent generated by active and abandoned mines in Peru produces multiple discussions about the role of the industry for a sustainable development. Many methods have been developed for AMD treatment, being wetlands a good option for heavy metal removal. In this sense, removal of heavy metal by using laboratory constructed wetlands with Phragmites Australis was studied. During a 9-day period the variation of different physicochemical parameters and heavy metals concentrations was recorded. The pH decreased to a constant value of 8.24 after the sixth day. The electrical conductivity presented a slight variation from 1 to 1.33 µS cm-1 on the ninth day. Moreover, fluctuating values of Dissolved Oxygen and Turbidity were observed. A reduction between 69% and 93% of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was registered. Cu concentration was reduced in 68% and 87%; Zn concentrations dropped in 53% and 95%; and Pb was reduced in 20% and 55%. It was concluded that Phragmites Australis can be an alternative in the treatment of the contaminants produced by AMD.
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    Wetland spirits and indigenous knowledge: implications for the conservation of wetlands in the Peruvian Amazon
    (Elsevier, 2021-01-01)
    Globally, the importance of indigenous and local knowledge systems for science, policy, environmental conservation and the cultural heritage of indigenous peoples is increasingly being recognised. The Amazon region in particular is home to many indigenous peoples who have conserved their cultural traditions and knowledge, despite growing threats to the environment and traditional lifestyles and cultures. Based on insights from ethnographic research in three indigenous communities, here we present a case study on the indigenous knowledge of the Urarina people of the Chambira Basin in the Peruvian Amazon and its implications for conservation. We describe, for the first time, a series of anthropomorphic and territorial “wetland spirits”, who are associated with particular wetland ecosystems and range in character from the benign to outright aggressive. Their presence may indirectly benefit conservation of wetlands, as humans fear or respect these wetland spirits and adapt their behaviour accordingly. While benign spirits may be seen as positive models to follow, aggressive spirits may deter unsustainable harvesting of resources through fear of disease or death. However, their cultural status is not adequately captured by such rational-scientific explanations. Wetland spirits are important characters within the indigenous cosmos of humans and non-humans, which is built on a relational, rather than extractive model of connecting humans and nature. We discuss our findings in the context of wider conceptual debates on recognising relational ontologies in environmental policy and conservation, the paradigm of biocultural conservation, as well as their implications for land titling, and incorporating indigenous perspectives in local education.
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    Environmental problems
    (Springer International Publishing, 2021-01-01)
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    Patterns and drivers of evapotranspiration in South American wetlands
    (Universidad Científica del Sur, 2021-04-14)
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    The role of citizenship in the protection of wetlands: Comparative analysis of three urban wetlands in Chile, Colombia, and Peru
    (Springer, 2024-01-01)
    Latin America leads the loss of wetlands worldwide and urbanization is one of the main causes of this change. The cases of the Aconcagua wetlands in Chile, La Ciénaga de Mallorquín in Colombia, and Pantanos de Villa in Peru are examples of the loss of Latin American urban wetlands in the last 20 years. In response to this situation, various initiatives have emerged to protect these three wetlands, which have involved the adoption of forms of territorial governance associating the public sector, the private sector, and civil society. The aim of the chapter is to analyze the role of citizenship in the protection of these three wetlands, with the aim of contributing to the construction of more resilient cities. Using semi-structured interviews conducted with local actors, the results show that, despite the differences between the governance mechanisms in the three cases, coordination between stakeholders and citizen participation are perceived as deficient. The interviewees propose to establish working tables with representatives from all sectors and productive dialogue instances and highlight the lack of participation of the neighboring communities of these wetlands. These communities are subaltern groups, as they are also the most socioeconomically vulnerable, and occupy, for the most part, the territory informally. Their participation, as well as motivating their interest in participating, is key to ensuring the protection of these spaces.
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    Soil Liquefaction Hazards and Ecological Impacts in Coastal Wetlands of the Pisco River, Peru
    (2025-12-30)
    Abstract. Coastal wetlands located in seismic regions can be highly vulnerable to soil liquefaction, a phenomenon where saturated, loosely compacted soils temporarily lose strength during earthquakes. This study investigates the relationship between soil liquefaction and the dynamics of coastal wetlands along the left bank of the Pisco River in Peru, a region affected by the 2007 Pisco earthquake. Through geotechnical field tests, satellite image analysis, and local interviews, we identified that wetlands and their adjacent areas – often with shallow groundwater and sandy soils – present high susceptibility to liquefaction. Affected wetlands showed both negative impacts, such as ground subsidence and vegetation loss, and in some cases, post-seismic ecological recovery due to groundwater rise. The results confirm that even degraded or filled wetlands retain subsurface characteristics prone to liquefaction, extending risk zones up to approximately 200 meters beyond current water boundaries. These findings highlight the dual role of wetlands as both vulnerable ecosystems and natural indicators of geotechnical risk. Future research should focus on integrating wetland conservation into seismic risk management and land-use planning. Recognizing the geotechnical memory of these ecosystems is key to avoiding infrastructure damage and promoting more resilient coastal development in earthquake-prone areas.
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