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    Biosorción de plomo (II) en solución acuosa con biomasa de los cladodios de la tuna (Opuntia ficus indica)
    (Universidad Nacional de Colombia::will be referenced::ROR-ID, 2020-01-01)
    Se investigó la remoción de plomo de soluciones acuosas por biomasa de los cladodios de la tuna (BCT), una especie abundante en la sierra peruana. Las propiedades físicas y químicas de la BCT se determinaron por técnicas de FTIR y SEM/EDX. El análisis FTIR confirmó la presencia de grupos –OH, CO–C, C=O y –NH2, los cuales interactuarían con el metal. La micrografía SEM reveló que la morfología superficial de la BCT tiene porosidad adecuada para la biosorción. En un sistema discontinuo se obtuvo la más alta capacidad de biosorción (qe) con una relación masa BCT/volumen de 4 g/L, pH 4,5 y tiempo de contacto de 1 h. La biosorción siguió un modelo cinético de pseudo-segundo orden y el proceso de difusión intraparticular fue el factor principal de control de la velocidad. Los datos en el equilibrio fueron correlacionados con cinco modelos (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, D-R y Redlich-Peterson) y se ajustaron mejor al modelo de Langmuir, lo que indica que el proceso se realiza en centros activos energéticamente homogéneos, el valor de qe máxima fue 50,25 mg/g. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la BCT puede ser usada como biosorbente eficiente para el tratamiento de aguas contaminadas con Pb (II).
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    Sustainable synthesis, reduction and applications of graphene obtained from renewable resources
    (Elsevier, 2021-09-01)
    Graphene is a revolutionary material with outstanding electrical, mechanical, thermal, and structural properties. The synthesis of graphene and its derivatives generally requires expensive and poisonous reagents. However, contemporary research efforts are switching towards more sustainable routes. The present review focused on the synthesis, performance, and applications of graphene-derived nanomaterials synthesized from waste biomass and reduced by green alternatives. Graphitization of waste carbon precursors is the most used method to obtain high purity graphite alternatives. Other methods, such as CVD, hydrothermal, laser, and CAS, have been investigated. Graphene yielded from biomass precursors exhibits properties similar to those from conventional sources. Green reduction of graphene oxide is carried out mostly by plant extracts from fruits, leaves, and other parts, which contain a high concentration of phenolic compounds. The as-prepared bio-waste and green-reduced graphene alternatives were applied in wastewater treatment, electrochemical storage devices, and metal ion sensors. In some cases, graphene showed significantly better performance than previous carbon-based nanomaterials reported in the literature. Despite being in its early stages of development, green-synthesized graphene has demonstrated great potential. As the interest in the development of sustainable alternatives continues to grow, future graphene research is expected to aim for this new line of research.