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Item type:Publication, The Subnational Indigenous Quota in Peru: The Paradoxes of Political Representation(Cambridge University Press, 2020-08-01)ABSTRACT The objective of this article is to explain the territorial variation in indigenous political representation at the subnational level in Peru. The Peruvian state introduced a weak indigenous electoral quota, and its effects have varied across provinces. This article presents a typology that combines descriptive and substantive dimensions of political representation. Using a subnational comparative method, the four cases studied illustrate distinct dynamics. The article argues that these differing dynamics are explained by a combination of sociostructural variables (i.e., political articulation and cohesion of indigenous organizations as a result of a conflict) and individual variables (i.e., candidates’ political capital). This article demonstrates how, even in an institutionally adverse environment that does not feature ethnic parties, both descriptive and substantive indigenous political representation can be achieved, and that these two dimensions are not necessarily related. The article is based on fieldwork and interviews with key provincial political actors. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Representation in Local Elections in Latin America? National Political Parties and Other Candidates to City Halls(Centre for Latin American Research and Documentation (CEDLA), 2023-01-01)Latin American countries allow for the political participation of different types of candidates in local elections. Institutional reforms in recent decades have tended to open up local electoral competition, allowing for a greater presence of alternative candidacies to parties. This article explores the presence of mayors from national political parties versus alternative candidacies and their relationship with national legislation on the type of electoral candidacies allowed in each country. The study argues that while there is much variation across countries, party-governed mayorships are the most common and local executives led by alternative candidacies are not necessarily as numerous. On the one hand, using descriptive statistics, the findings show that the presence of new actors is rather concentrated in urban and more socio-economically developed areas. On the other hand, using secondary literature from different Latin American countries, the article shows that the perceived crisis of representation is due to three aspects of national party candidacies, related to the type of people who form them, their relationship with political parties, and the relationship of local party branches with their national counterparts. The research is based on the electoral results of almost 10,000 municipalities in 15 Latin American countries in the mid-2010s.