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Item type:Publication, Optimizing the Parameters of Spark Plasma Sintering to Enhance the Hardness of MgO/TiC Composites(Hindawi Limited, 2023-01-01)In this research, the first work was carried out to manufacture MgO-based metal matrix composite containing 3 wt%. Sintering parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and time were subjected to Taguchi analysis to identify the most significant effect on magnesium oxide physical and mechanical characteristics. The impact of each sintering parameter explores using the analysis of variance-structure and microstructure analysis using XRD and EDS-equipped FE-SEM. The mechanical properties of the composite are evaluated by testing its Rockwell hardness (HR) and Vickers hardness (HV). The results showed that sintering temperature was the most influential of the sintering factors on microhardness. Densification at its peak was 100%, while it peaked at 62.19 Rockwell hardness and 58.7 Vickers hardness. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Microstructure Evolution of Porous Calcium Hexaluminate Compacts During First Heating(Elsevier BV, 2023-11-23)Porous calcium hexaluminate (CaAl 12 O 19 or CA 6 ) structures show long-term stability at high temperatures, high refractoriness, low thermal conductivity , and excellent chemical resistance, thus being Taylor-made for thermal insulation . Previous works attained porous structures from in situ formation of CA 6 combining CaO and Al 2 O 3 sources in solid-state reactive sintering. Although the approach is time-and-energy-saving regarding the production of large parts of complex shapes, it faces considerable difficulties related to the expansive formation of calcium aluminates. To overcome such drawbacks, pre-formed porous CA 6 aggregates improve the system's dimensional stability before sintering. Despite the straightforward processing, few studies have investigated such materials systemically. This article addresses the combination of pre-formed porous CA 6 aggregates and organic and inorganic binders for the production of porous structures by two shaping processes, namely, uniaxial pressing and direct casting of aqueous suspensions. After drying, the samples' microstructure and physical properties evolution were investigated up to sintering (1100-1500 °C) through total porosity, Young's modulus , compression strength , pore diameter, and thermal conductivity measurements, dilatometric analyses, and scanning electron microscopy. Reference samples of coarse calcined alumina were tested under the same conditions to highlight the impacts of CA 6 particles' morphology. Compared to them, the CA 6 -containing samples showed almost no variation in total porosity and average pore size levels during thermal treatments, although their strength and rigidity increased significantly after sintering. Their microstructure remained practically unchanged after drying, showing clusters of large asymmetrical CA 6 crystals bonded to each other by their edges, and surrounding a large fraction of 1.8–2.2 μm pores. According to the results, although water content, processing method, and compacting levels are important parameters, particles' microstructure, ratio of intra-particle pores, and asymmetrical shape are key variables for the development of physical properties. Such characteristics strongly contributed to their densification resistance and lower thermal conductivity after exposure to high temperatures. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Optimization of starch extraction from three varieties of avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.): Physicochemical characterization and application in bio-based packaging materials(Elsevier BV, 2026-06-01)The valorization of agro-industrial residues represents a key strategy for advancing circular economy and sustainable material development. This study evaluated the combined effect of avocado variety (Hass, Fuerte, and Criolla) and extraction method (distilled water and alkaline treatment) on starch yield, physicochemical properties, and technological suitability for bio-based packaging applications. Starch extracted from Hass avocado seeds by alkaline treatment (HAL) showed the highest yield (20.91 ± 1.28%) and presented oval-to-elliptical granules with smooth surfaces and an average size of 17.38 μm. It exhibited a balanced amylose content (36.01 ± 4.28%), moderate solubility (15.93%), swelling power (22.54%), and water absorption capacity (64.61%), indicating favorable behavior for thermoprocessed polymer matrices. Thermal analysis revealed a well-defined gelatinization profile and high thermal stability (290–300 °C). Additionally, HAL starch retained measurable levels of phenolic compounds (0.20 mg GAE·g -1 ) and antioxidant capacity (0.11 mg Trolox·g -1 ), suggesting potential added functionality. Based on these attributes, HAL starch was selected for film development using glycerol as a plasticizer. A 2 × 2 factorial design showed that the formulation containing 5 g starch and 1.5 mL glycerol exhibited the most balanced mechanical and optical performance, producing homogeneous films with suitable physicochemical properties. These results demonstrate that the combined selection of avocado variety and extraction method is critical for optimizing starch performance, highlighting alkaline extraction of Hass avocado seed starch as a promising strategy for the valorization of agro-industrial residues into bio-based packaging materials. Starch extraction from avocado seeds of the Hass, Fuerte, and Criolla varieties using two extraction methods (distilled water and alkaline treatment) and their physicochemical characterization. • Alkaline extraction improved starch yield from Hass avocado seeds. • Hass-AL starch showed balanced amylose and functional properties. • Selected starch enabled homogeneous and stable bioplastic films. • Starch–glycerol ratio governed mechanical performance of films. • Avocado seeds valorized into biodegradable packaging materials.