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    Measurement Invariance of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire Across 17 Countries
    (Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023-06-01)
    The Meaning in Life Questionnaire assesses presence of and search for meaning in life. Although the questionnaire has shown promising psychometric properties in samples from different countries, the scale’s measurement invariance across a large number of nations has yet to be assessed. This study is aimed at addressing this gap, providing insight into how meaning in life is constructed and experienced across countries and into the extent to which cross-country comparisons can be made. A total of 3867 adult participants from 17 countries, aged 30–60, balanced by gender, and with at least secondary education, completed the questionnaire as part of the Eudaimonic and Hedonic Happiness Investigation. Single sample confirmatory factor analysis, multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, and alignment optimization were applied to investigate the scale’s performance across the samples. Good psychometric properties and high levels of approximate measurement invariance emerged for the Presence subscale after removal of item 9, the only reverse-phrased item. Performance of the Search subscale varied more across samples, suggesting caution in interpreting related results supporting approximate measurement invariance. The conceptualization of presence of meaning operationalized in the corresponding subscale (without item 9) appears consistent across countries, whereas search for meaning seems to be less universally homogenous and requires further exploration. Moreover, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire does not reflect the conceptual distinction between “purpose” and “meaning” currently acknowledged by researchers. This issue should be further explored in studies addressing the scale’s performance across cultures.
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    THE LIMITS OF STIPULATION: RECONSIDERING THE STANDARD METER
    (Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas, UNAM, 2025-08-01)
    This paper criticizes Ruffino's illocutionary defense of Kripke's famous example of the contingent a priori: the standard meter. Ruffino uses Searle and Vanderveken's speech act theory to argue that measurement stipulations generate a priori knowledge of contingent facts. Against this, I argue that the institutional conditions underlying these stipulations cannot be separated from the grounds of justification. Unlike mathematical or logical knowledge, knowledge that these institutional conditions are satisfied is essential to knowledge of measurement stipulations, preventing genuine a priori status.
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    Punto fijo en la medición psicológica: Limitaciones matemáticas en la psicología moderna
    (European Organization for Nuclear Research, 2025-09-19)
    La escala de medida ordinal, aunque es una de las más utilizadas y aceptadas dentro de la investigación psicológica, presenta limitaciones importantes que conducen a cuestionar su efectividad para el tratamiento cuantitativo de la realidad. La naturaleza de los fenómenos estudiados imposibilita establecer relaciones netamente numéricas dentro de la psicología. Ante esta realidad, la investigación analiza estas restricciones, centrándose en la ausencia del punto fijo de referencia, un concepto fundamental dentro de la matemática y la física, y que ha sido trasladado al campo de la psicología y cuya falta de datos ordinales, genera controversias. La metodología empleada es de tipo descriptiva y documental, basándose en un enfoque interdisciplinar. Entre los principales hallazgos se destaca que la ausencia del punto fijo de referencia genera tensiones entre los modelos cuantitativos, pues no culminan por comprender la amplitud de la subjetividad humana. Finalmente, se propone un cambio de paradigma, que provoque la visión complementaria, donde se articule lo axiomático con marcos interpretativos, considerando lo medible y lo no medible, elementos que, en conjunción, definen la naturaleza humana, haciendo de la medición un aspecto inclusivo, ético y plural.
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