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Evidentiality and epistemic modality in the Andean Spanish verb
(John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2020-04-01)
Abstract The aim of this chapter is twofold: first, it assesses the discussion about evidentiality and epistemic modality in the Andean Spanish verb as a set of hypothetical contact-induced changes due to the influence of Quechua and Aymara, and, second, it suggests new avenues for enhancing and strengthening this area of research. In order to do this, it reviews the studies conducted about the links between evidentiality and epistemic modality, on the one hand, and verbal forms such as the pluperfect, the present perfect, the future, and the subjunctive perfect correlated with verbs in the present tense, on the other. The review focuses on studies that address hypothetical contact-induced processes, since its aim is to examine the arguments that relate these elements with their possible Quechua and Aymara sources. The chapter suggests that some of the Andean uses pertain to the epistemic modality terrain (pluperfect for “non-experienced past” and present perfect for “experienced past”), while others are included in the evidentiality arena (inferential uses of the future forms), or plainly lack any relationship with these dimensions (subjunctive perfect correlated with verbs in the present tense).
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How to commentate a soccer match in Shipibo-Konibo (Pano)?
(University of Campinas, 2020-02-12)
The present paper lists and illustrates eleven strategies that are systematically used by Shipibo-Konibo speakers in order to comment live soccer matches in the context of an indigenous soccer cup informally called “Mundialito Shipibo”. We argue that these lexical, morphosyntactic and discursive strategies can be classified into three types according to their function: iconic strategies, which attempt to present the information more vividly (onomatopoeic forms and ideophones, reduplications, parallel structures and hearsay-quotatives); emotional strategies, which are used by soccer commentators to express their emotions and their feelings (interjections, player-directed speech and diminutives); and proximity strategies, which bring the speech closer to the Shipibo-Konibo audience (lexical Shipibo-Konibo innovations, vocatives, evidential access configurations and code alternations). These various strategies are crucial for understanding the new social dynamics that the Shipibo-Konibo language is getting into as a consequence of becoming an urban language, and are clearly creating a new speech genre. The new social uses that the Shipibo-Konibo people are giving to their language and the features that the language is developing in this new social context are crucial to understand the future of Shipibo-Konibo and other minority languages in Peru.
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Dialectology in the training of speech therapists: The case of the Spanish of Peru
(Universidad de Cadiz, 2020-01-01)
La presente contribución \ntiene como objetivo describir el rol \nque desempeña el conocimiento sobre \ndialectología en la formación de fonoaudiólogos en el Perú. Para esta reflexión se tomará como muestra de análisis a los egresados de los programas \nde maestría PUCP-CPAL. Por ello, se \nabordará la ruta del conocimiento sobre lingüística que siguen nuestros \nfuturos egresados antes de llegar, específicamente, a la dialectología. En \nprimer lugar, deberán estar al tanto \nde los conceptos con los que se describe el habla, tanto la de quienes sufren trastornos como la de quienes \nno; luego, asumirán la actitud científica descriptivista que demanda la lingüística; y, finalmente, deberán conocer las diferentes maneras en que se \nhabla castellano en el Perú, conocimiento que proporciona la dialectología. Para ese fin, este trabajo presenta \nuna descripción del Vademécum \nComparativo Variedad DialectalTrastorno (VCVT), propuesta de compendio de las distintas formas de hablar castellano en el Perú, que abordan aspectos fonético-fonológicos, \nmorfosintácticos y lexicales, y sus diferencias frente a un posible trastorno.
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Grambank reveals the importance of genealogical constraints on linguistic diversity and highlights the impact of language loss
(Center for Open Science, 2022-12-04)
While global patterns of human genetic diversity are increasingly well characterized, the diversity of human languages remains less systematically described. Here we outline the Grambank database. With over 400,000 data points and 2,400 languages, Grambank is the largest comparative grammatical database available. The comprehensiveness of Grambank allows us to quantify the relative effects of genealogical inheritance and geographic proximity on the structural diversity of the world's languages, evaluate constraints on linguistic diversity, and identify the world's most unusual languages. An analysis of the consequences of language loss reveals that the reduction in diversity will be strikingly uneven across the major linguistic regions of the world. Without sustained efforts to document and revitalize endangered languages, our linguistic window into human history, cognition and culture will be seriously fragmented.
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Rethinking English as a lingua franca in scientific-academic contexts: A position statement
(John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2022-06-02)
We aim to challenge assumptions made about the use of English as a “lingua franca” in scientific-academic contexts, identify the impact of such assumptions on trajectories of knowledge production and uptake, and legitimize the use of multiple languages for transnational scholarly exchange. We set out ten principles: Using English as a scientific-academic “lingua franca” does not always promote inclusion; A language positioned as a scientific-academic “lingua franca” can act as a language of domination; Positioning English as the “lingua franca” policy may discourage translations and exclude participation; Policies which position English as being the contemporary scientific-academic “lingua franca” may convey the idea that knowledge produced in English is the only knowledge that exists; The imposition of English as a presumed scientific-academic “lingua franca” is a manifestation of the unequal distribution of knowledge production and uptake; Languages/varieties function as powerful resources for knowledge making; Choosing a language for publishing or presenting is a sociolinguistic right; Choosing a language to publish or present in is a political act; Convention organizers should have the right to promote the language(s) of their choice; Convention organizers and scholars should be as creative and sensitive to including as diverse an audience as possible.
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Aptitudes lingüísticas de usuarios de prótesis auditiva
(Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Vicerectorado de Investigacion, 2024-07-15)
El objetivo del estudio fue detallar las aptitudes lingüísticas de usuarios de prótesis auditiva. El diseño del estudio fue no experimental de alcance descriptivo. Se trabajó con una muestra de 40 estudiantes entre los cuatro y ocho años, del nivel inicial, primer grado y segundo grado de primaria de un colegio especializado con una metodología auditiva oral. Se utilizó La Escala de Evaluación Clínica de los Fundamentos del Lenguaje (CELF). Los resultados obtenidos indican que presentan alteraciones en los procesos lingüísticos, tanto a nivel expresivo como comprensivo, presentando una mayor dificultad en el proceso expresivo. En relación a los componentes lingüísticos, se refleja un desarrollo por debajo de lo esperado, impactando en el rendimiento escolar e interacción social. Por consiguiente, podríamos indicar que aun los niños accediendo a la prótesis auditiva, las aptitudes lingüísticas van a presentar diferencias significativas en relación al desarrollo normal.
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Analysis of distinctive features in Peruvian Sign Language (LSP)
(Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2024-06-30)
This research focuses on the following objectives: 1) to document and describe the distinctive function that has phonological value, and 2) to identify the distinctive features in Peruvian Sign Language (PSL) in the area of manual configuration (point of articulation, movement, space) and non-manual features. In this sense, it contributes to the study of one aspect of the phonology of PSL. For this purpose, filming was carried out and language users were consulted. The methodology included fieldwork with a group of deaf people in Lima. This exploration is pioneering for LSP, since it constitutes a first effort to pro-vide empirical evidence on the distinctive functions of manual forms in this system. To this end, it is shown that sign language has a phonology whose basic elements (distinctive features) can be identified using the same methods as in spoken languages.
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BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETICS FOR LANGUAGE PREHISTORY-AND ARCHAEOLOGY
(Oxford University Press, 2025-07-22)
Among various approaches to correlating archaeology and language(s), Bayesian language phylogenetics is highly promising in principle—yet controversial in practice. It can provide a framework of a language family's divergence phases, and aspires to estimate their chronology, to help identify which processes in the archaeological record best correspond. Results have been dogged by inconsistency and artefacts, however, so some cautionary tales here first identify past failings, and new solutions. We review the whole pipeline from raw language data through encoding to Bayesian phylogenetic analysis and results. We then focus on how to interpret those results specifically against archaeology. We assess what splits in the trees actually mean; the pros and cons of ancient and proto-languages; and signal on deep prehistory. Throughout, we frankly assess the state of the art, and explore how Bayesian phylogenetic models might be more closely tailored to how descent with modification applies specifically to language families.
Scopus© Citations 2 3
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“Men's is the only and final word.” A qualitative study of community midwives' insights on violence against women and girls in Yemen, including the forms, causes, and responses of survivors and their families
(2025-01-07)
Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is a serious human rights violation that has intensified in Yemen due to war, displacement, and pandemics. The cultural stigma surrounding discussions of VAWG, particularly sexual violence, compounded by a lack of resources for affected individuals, poses significant challenges for research and program implementation. This study involved qualitative interviews with 20 community midwives from the National Yemeni Midwifery Association across four governorates to explore the causes, forms, and consequences of VAWG and identify potential resources for survivors. A Yemeni physician trained in ethical VAWG research conducted the interviews, which were analysed thematically by two researchers. The findings indicated that physical partner violence was widely recognised as a crime; however, women and girls facing sexual violence often faced severe social ramifications, including ostracism or violence aimed at preserving family honour, leading to underreporting. Midwives identified patriarchal culture and the ongoing economic crisis as key contributors to VAWG. Health-related consequences for survivors included physical injuries such as vaginal tears and obstetric fistula. Additionally, midwives reported that survivors encountered humiliation within the healthcare system. Most women and girls did not seek help; however, when they did, they turned to their families or local leaders for support. To effectively understand, prevent, and address VAWG in Yemen, strategies should prioritise the safety and needs of women and align with cultural values. Insights from community midwives can guide the development of VAWG-focused community-led initiatives.
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