3. Producción
Browse
6 results
Search Results
- Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Assessing the effects of human capital composition, innovation portfolio and size on manufacturing firm performance(Emerald, 2020-09-04)Purpose This paper aims to focus on the effects of human capital composition, innovation portfolio and size on manufacturing firms’ performance. Moreover, it seeks to empirically identify the levels of education that are significant in labour productivity. Design/methodology/approach The resource-based view (RBV) theory is applied using data gathered from the National Innovation Survey in the Manufacturing Industries of Peru. Using the ordinary least squares method on a sample of 584 Peruvian manufacturing firms, the effects on firm performance of two subsamples according to innovation portfolio and firm size are determined. Findings The direct effects of human capital composition on productivity show that the higher the workers’ educational level, the higher the productivity. However, if this relationship is analysed in terms of the innovation portfolio, the authors find that labour productivity in companies with product–service innovation is greater (i.e. more significant) than in traditional manufacturing firms with only product innovations. Similarly, if this relationship is compared in terms of company, the authors find that large companies are more significant than small and medium-sized enterprises. Practical implications The study furthers the understanding of how the relationship between human capital composition, innovation portfolio and size of manufacturing firms positively affects labour productivity. Hence, it can help managers to craft their innovation portfolio according to the educational level of their human capital. This could require that not only human resource management innovates, but also that strategic partnerships be developed with educational establishments to boost training towards product–service innovation. Originality/value This study’s results provide confirmation that the configuration of human resources, innovation portfolio and size plays a significant role on manufacturing firms’ performance, particularly in the context of developing countries. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Effects of obstacles to innovation: are they complementary?(Centre international de psychosomatique, 2021-03-08)This paper investigates whether the effects of obstacles to firms’ propensity for and intensity of innovation were complementary in Peru, a middle-income developing country, during the period 2009-2011. The tests of complementarity are based on the estimation of two adjusted Crépon–Duguet–Mairesse (CDM) models that relate a firm’s decision to invest in science, technology and innovation activities (STI), the innovation process, and labor productivity. The estimations and tests yield four main results. First, there is evidence that the effects of obstacles to innovation are related and some are complementary. Second, firms’ size (particularly the largest ones) affects their decision to invest in STI. Third, under the assumption that obstacles are related, the intensity of investment in STI determines firms’ innovation outcomes. Lastly, robustness results suggest that human and physical capital and size are the most important factors that affect firms’ productivity.JEL Codes: O31, O3 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Intellectual capital measurement in higher education institutions context from the professors’ perspective(Hong Kong Bao Long Accounting And Secretarial Limited, 2024-01-01)Intellectual capital has aroused growing interest in higher education; however, one area for improvement in its study is how to measure it adequately. Therefore, it is necessary to have instruments based on current models of intellectual capital. This study aims to design and validate an intellectual capital measurement scale in accredited higher education institutions (HEIs) from the perspective of professors. The study was instrumental because a measurement scale was developed. The sample consisted of 341 professors from six accredited HEIs on the Colombian Caribbean Coast. The statistical analysis consisted of three stages: item analysis, collection of validity evidence based on the internal structure and the relationship with other variables, and reliability analysis using the internal consistency method. The scale's internal structure corroborated intellectual capital composition based on human, structural, and relational components. Regarding convergent evidence, all variables possess this source of validity evidence. Reliability levels were also good. Previously, an instrument has yet to be developed those measures intellectual capital in HEIs from the perspective of professors. This study provides a scale that focuses on the characteristics of this stakeholder and is based on an innovative model of intellectual capital composed of human, structural, and relational capital. The theoretical contribution of the study lies in developing a test based on two current models of intellectual capital: the Intellectus model and the Balanced Scorecard model. It also contributes to practice by providing a tool for measuring intellectual capital that allows its adequate management, improvement, and decision-making within higher education. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Late-childhood foundational cognitive skills predict educational outcomes through adolescence and into young adulthood: Evidence from Ethiopia and Peru(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-06-01)We estimate associations between foundational cognitive skills (inhibitory control, working memory, long-term memory, and implicit learning) measured at age 12 and educational outcomes measured at ages 15 and 19–20 in Ethiopia and Peru, using the Young Lives data. The estimates adjust for rich sets of controls and include measurements of children's baseline abilities. For a subset of the outcomes, we exploit within-household variation. Working memory and long-term memory are consistently and positively associated with subsequent domain-specific cognitive achievement tests (measuring specifically numeracy, vocabulary and literacy achievement) in both countries, university enrolment in Peru (long-term memory) and lower secondary-school completion in Ethiopia (working memory). Inhibitory control predicts subsequent math-test scores in both countries, grade attainment (Ethiopia), and university enrolment (Peru). Value-added estimates show that these skills play roles during adolescence, with the memory-related skills predicting higher domain-specific test scores (Peru and Ethiopia) and grade attainment (Ethiopia), while inhibitory control has associations with math (both countries). These results provide additional evidence to justify the importance of promoting investments in cognitive skills throughout childhood and adolescence, and elucidate how such investments impact educational achievements. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Quality of Society: Essays on the Unified Theory of Capitalism. Volume III(Springer Nature, 2023-01-01)This book contains another set of essays dealing with the fundamental economic problems of our time: inequality, environment degradation, and social disorder, which are analyzed in light of the unified theory of capitalism. This theory is a scientific endeavor that seeks to explain the capitalist system taken by parts and then taken as a whole, as a unified theory. By parts, the theory analyzes the First World and the Third World and also the short run, long run, and very long run economic processes, showing why and how economic growth has led to a new epoch, with ecological equilibrium disruption, known as the Anthropocene Age. The empirical predictions of the theory are proven to be consistent with the available facts. Therefore, the theory can be accepted as a good representation of the real-world capitalism; moreover, its derived causality relations become inputs for the debate on the needed science-based policies for the new age. Indeed, this book proposes structuralpolicies to change the way capitalism operates, through changes in its basic institutions, mainly the electoral democracy, which would certainly imply a re-foundation of the capitalist system. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Uneven Effects, an Evolutionary Model of Poverty Traps After Trade Liberalization(Routledge, 2025-01-01)This paper theoretically examines trade liberalization’s effects on workers’ human capital for a high-wage economy. Using an evolutionary game theory approach (EGT), we examine whether liberalization affects workers’ education, perhaps making them fall into a poverty trap. We find that, on average, workers increase their investment in human capital. We extend the investigation to include that, due to ex-ante historical and institutional circumstances, trade liberalization exerts heterogeneous effects on different types of workers and that the circumstances enabling them (or not) to educate differ. We find that liberalization makes some workers increase their human capital while other workers do not, leaving the latter more likely to fall into a poverty trap. By extending this investigation to the issues of trade liberalization and heterogeneous workers, we contribute to the EGT literature on poverty traps. Furthermore, unlike existing theoretical literature, which has ultimately argued that people’s different natural abilities are the reason behind their heterogeneous education responses, our analysis brings to the forefront the role of ex-ante historical and institutional factors. The paper also offers a novel theoretical foundation for empirical findings related to globalization’s effects on Americans’ education.1