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Item type:Publication, Entangled territorial controversies: Contesting mining, territorial ordering, and authority in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-10-01)This article examines territorial disputes in the Palajunoj Valley of Quetzaltenango, Guatemala's second largest city located in the western highlands. Drawing on our field research, we explore how dominant territory-making practices and indigenous-led resistance play out over an emerging municipal territorial ordering plan that gets interwoven with disputes over large-scale mining, waste disposal, and municipal authority amid wider urban–rural marginalization and tensions. We innovatively combine the notions of territory, territorial ordering governmentality, and the echelons (or levels) of rights framework to unpack the different layers on which dominant actor alliances’ territorialization strategies and the responses of territorial defense movements emerge. Departing from an understanding that the disputes in the valley are not only about resources, but also entwine struggles over rules, authority, and discourses, we make a twofold argument. First, we argue that the ruling-group's existing territory-making practices and new territorial ordering techniques coincide across the echelons, building on and reinforcing stark power imbalances. Second, we argue that indigenous-led, territory-based resistance movements engage in diverse strategies of contestation to articulate shared concerns around externally-imposed territorial interventions across echelons, but are challenged by micropolitical fragmentation, threats and instances of violence, and fragile multi-scalar support networks. Our analysis suggests that future territorial defense depends on the strengthening of multi-scalar and multi-actor alliances that – while acknowledging difference and tensions within and among resisting actors − devise their strategies along the four interconnected echelons and articulate their concerns in converging yet plural resistance strategies. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Governmentality in Evidence? Evolving Rationalities of Forest Governance in Peru(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-06-01)During the recent decades, the effectiveness, sustainability and equity of environmental and resource policies have become increasingly intertwined in governance reforms. This situation with potentially inherent trade-offs has challenged not only the policy planners and implementers, but also the scientific and expert communities to justify the role of specific forms of scientific knowledge in the pursue of multiple and often conflicting objectives. Evidence is a closure of a particular science-policy interface in which the offered scientific knowledge satisfies institutional decision-making criteria. Therefore, for decision-makers evidence is not only information that is judged useful to make their decisions but also a persuasive tool for them to justify the decisions made through giving reasons. We focus on how different prevailing decision-making and administrative rationalities, governmentalities, have shaped the knowledge base and epistemic requirements of forest governance in Peru. We depict a shift from a forester-dominated to legalistic and neoliberal forest governance structure whose main goal has been to foster the forest economy under an economistic sustainable resource use mentality. Increasingly complex administrative processes to support tracing timber extraction, transport and trade have resulted from the institutional adjustments, but, parallelly, also emerging participatory planning processes have challenged and re-politicized the forest governance structure. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Gas Extraction Governmentality: The Depoliticization of Groningen’s Extractive Territorialization(Elsevier BV, 2023-12-02)The Dutch Northeastern province of Groningen has attracted national and international attention for being situated on top of Europe's biggest gas field. Decades of gas extraction have caused human-made gasquakes that have become highly politicized as they have resulted in the damage of thousands of houses, messy compensation policies, unsafe living situations, an intense situation of social and psychological desperation, and deep political distrust. An issue that has, however, been mostly absent from political debates is the fact that the gas extraction has also caused land subsidence with major implications for the area's water systems. In this article, we investigate the depoliticizing governmentality techniques of Groningen's extractive territorialization. In doing so, we differentiate how the same governmentality techniques have mostly depoliticized gas extraction-land subsidence while they have failed to depoliticize the gasquakes. We nuance the complex power dynamics (i.e., simultaneous de- and re-politicization), socio-material transformation processes (i.e., land subsidence and gasquakes), and institutional dynamics (i.e., public water management and private compensation organizations) evoked by extractive transformations. We argue that the extractive alliance's land subsidence-governmentalities reflect a subtle re-ordering of territorial control. Yet, we also highlight the limits, contestations, and contingency of extractive governmentalization. We unravel how an understanding of power as simultaneously unintentional and intentional informs our analysis. We show how the extractive alliance benefits from the interplay of power strategies, yet not without being strongly contested by local inhabitants and social movements. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The politics of participation in the Qhapaq Ñan Project: governmentality and heritage-making in Peru(Taylor & Francis, 2026-01-01)This paper examines the power dynamics embedded in the participatory policy of the Qhapaq Ñan Project, a state-led heritage management programme in Peru, over the past two decades. Developed in the context of securing the Qhapaq Ñan's inscription as a UNESCO World Heritage site – a transnational network of precolonial roads and associated sites – this study analyzes how participation functions as both a tool and a technique of governance. Drawing on Foucault's concept of governmentality and Li's notion of the 'will to improve', and grounded on a qualitative analysis of three monumental preservation programmes – Huaycán de Cieneguilla, Huánuco Pampa, and Aypate – this study demonstrates that participatory practices operate as a hybrid of sovereignty, disciplinary and governmental techniques. These practices are calibrated to engage local communities while simultaneously shaping and constraining the scope of their agency. Framed as an ethical commitment to 'improve' local conditions and heritage relations, participation opened spaces for negotiation, yet these were strictly circumscribed by legal, technical, and normative limits. Ultimately, the study shows that participatory approaches are subsumed within structural hierarchies shaped by dominant technical views of material preservation and development, thereby restricting local agency and reinforcing state control over relationships between society and the precolonial past.3