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Item type:Publication, Gobernanza y gestión ambiental: a modo de introducción(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-11-12)In this 14th number, we organized the articles into three large blocks to address the main trends in research in our environment on governance and sustainable management,: the first, with six investigations linked to sustainable management tools for governance, such as risk management disasters, construction of scenarios, conservation of protected natural areas and contributions of economic sciences in cities such as Áncash, Piura, Ica and Chosica; the second, with three national investigations related to social management in environmental management, in Tacna, Lima (Ancón) and Loreto; and, finally, four very interesting international case studies in Mexico, Guatemala, Argentina and Ukraine. In this sense, the role of Revista Kawsaypacha: Sociedad y Medio Ambiente journal focuses on being a disseminator of validated scientific knowledge that sheds light on the main debates that the academy must contribute both to the training of committed professionals and directly to the design and implementation of solutions for environmental social problems, with the impetus of a heightened dialogue. That is why we hope that people who read these articles take away reflections on governance for sustainable management, with social management tools for environmental management, from a territorial perspective at a national and international level, which serve as a legacy, as well as for the promotion of sustainable development. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Water resources management in vulnerable ecosystems: Quiroz river basin, Piura(European Center of Sustainable Development, 2020-01-01)According to the IPCC (2014), access to water resources is increasingly limited due to the effects of climate change; in consequence, vulnerability of ecosystems and their inhabitants increases. Thus, it is necessary to develop socio-organizational capacities to mitigate and adapt to this scenario, where retribution mechanisms for ecosystem services (MRSE for its Spanish acronym) become more relevant. The research attempts to analyze the coordination among agents involved in sustainable water resources management, to face climate change vulnerability in high biodiversity areas. For this purpose, the implementation of the Quiroz-Chira water fund will be studied as a case that generates institutionalism for sustainability of this mechanism and that represents an important social innovation that can be replicated. The methodology has a descriptive scope and applies qualitative techniques that complement secondary sources systematized with WebQDA software. Results indicate high vulnerability of the analyzed basin districts and a correct governance in this innovation, both with a sustainable development approach oriented to conservation of water potential. This implies good articulation for implementation of the MRSE and promotion of interests’ unification between contributors and water resources retributive entities. Keywords: Climate change, Sustainable development, Watershed, Governance, Ecosystem services - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Dynamics of small Latin American techno-scientific worlds. A view from the triple helix(Emerald, 2020-06-10)Purpose This study aims to compare the techno-scientific systems of four Latin American countries: Panama and Costa Rica for Central America and Uruguay and Paraguay for South America. The overall objective is to explore their performance in terms of generation of knowledge in science and technology using the triple helix model as a framework. Design/methodology/approach The methodological approach applied was scientometric and bibliometric. The management of the techno-scientific governance in each country was analysed; input, process and output indicators were applied and a table of correlated factors was generated to determine the capabilities of each. The triple helix was used as a framework, as the study assessed the capabilities of the three actors in this model (academia, industry and government). Findings By studying this type of small Latin American techno-scientific worlds and the interrelationships between the three actors examined, it can be seen that there is a limited supply of certified knowledge and weak interactions between these helixes and this restricts the development of innovation initiatives. Originality/value There is little evidence of evaluations of the techno-scientific systems of peripheral countries and even less of the smaller ones. By cross-referencing governance information with indicators and generating a multi-factorial matrix, new knowledge is being generated that will contribute both to the general knowledge and to the improvement of public policy decisions in these countries. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Limited state governance and institutional hybridization in alluvial ASM in Peru(Elsevier, 2021-08-01)In the Peruvian Amazon region, mining activities have contaminated land, riverbeds and shores, including in protected areas, causing serious social and environmental impacts. Against this backdrop the Peruvian state decided to implement a formalization plan to regulate small-scale mining and to eradicate mining activities in conservation areas. After years of protests, negotiations and military campaigns in the so-called war against illegal mining fought by the media and central state authorities, the formalization plan for small-scale gold mining in the Amazon has not fulfilled its stated objectives. This article explores the reasons behind the impacts of the formalization process on local governance and institutions. The author argues that the inability of the Peruvian state to effectively apply formalization regulations and laws is explained by limitations in regional governance and also the emergence of local powers which have contested state authority. In addition, the article asserts that state intervention has triggered processes of institutional hybridization which are transforming the rules for governing mining activities. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Governance and regulation of the Peruvian university system: overcoming reform resistance through quality assurance policies(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021-09-01)This article examines the new governance of the Peruvian university system, which evolved in response to market liberalisation and weak quality assurance mechanisms. New actors and commercial interests emerged, building their network of relationships within the political arena. With the passing of a new Universities Law in 2014, ambitious reforms were set in motion, designed to reverse the decline in the quality of higher education. This study examines these reforms, focusing on whether and how they are changing the governance and structure of the system. It also identifies some conceptual and design flaws, such as the weaknesses of the main steering body and the accreditation regime, as well as limitations on the independence of the regulatory agency. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The role of citizenship in the protection of wetlands: Comparative analysis of three urban wetlands in Chile, Colombia, and Peru(Springer, 2024-01-01)Latin America leads the loss of wetlands worldwide and urbanization is one of the main causes of this change. The cases of the Aconcagua wetlands in Chile, La Ciénaga de Mallorquín in Colombia, and Pantanos de Villa in Peru are examples of the loss of Latin American urban wetlands in the last 20 years. In response to this situation, various initiatives have emerged to protect these three wetlands, which have involved the adoption of forms of territorial governance associating the public sector, the private sector, and civil society. The aim of the chapter is to analyze the role of citizenship in the protection of these three wetlands, with the aim of contributing to the construction of more resilient cities. Using semi-structured interviews conducted with local actors, the results show that, despite the differences between the governance mechanisms in the three cases, coordination between stakeholders and citizen participation are perceived as deficient. The interviewees propose to establish working tables with representatives from all sectors and productive dialogue instances and highlight the lack of participation of the neighboring communities of these wetlands. These communities are subaltern groups, as they are also the most socioeconomically vulnerable, and occupy, for the most part, the territory informally. Their participation, as well as motivating their interest in participating, is key to ensuring the protection of these spaces. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Artificial intelligence and the energy trilemma: A general-purpose technology perspective(Elsevier B.V., 2026-09-01)As the world transitions toward cleaner energy systems, balancing energy security, energy equity, and environmental sustainability has become a major challenge in energy policy. These three often conflicting objectives reflect the energy trilemma, a fundamental concept for understanding the trade-offs involved in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Scholars have raised awareness of the potential of artificial intelligence to address energy transition challenges. However, its contribution to the trilemma remains inconclusive. Using panel data from 68 countries over 2002 to 2022, our results suggest that artificial intelligence improves the energy trilemma index. However, this aggregate improvement masks important heterogeneity across its dimensions. While artificial intelligence enhances energy security and environmental sustainability, it has a negative effect on energy equity, revealing asymmetric trade-offs. Drawing on the General-Purpose Technology (GPT) framework, a mechanism analysis reveals that artificial intelligence influences the trilemma index via energy efficiency, green technology innovation, and industrial structure upgrading. These results align with the three defining characteristics of AI as a GPT: continuous improvement, fostering complementary innovation, and pervasiveness. Furthermore, the effect of artificial intelligence on the trilemma index is non-linear under different levels of governance effectiveness and investment liberalization. In particular, weak governance effectiveness generates unintended consequences, leading AI to exert a negative effect on the trilemma index. Moreover, artificial intelligence contributes most strongly to improving the trilemma index under moderate levels of investment liberalization. Overall, these findings have important policy implications for addressing the energy trilemma by integrating artificial intelligence into energy systems. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Governance and Conservation Effectiveness in Protected Areas and Indigenous and Locally Managed Areas(Annual Reviews Inc., 2023-11-13)Increased conservation action to protect more habitat and species is fueling a vigorous debate about the relative effectiveness of different sorts of protected areas. Here we review the literature that compares the effectiveness of protected areas managed by states and areas managed by Indigenous peoples and/or local communities. We argue that these can be hard comparisons to make. Robust comparative case studies are rare, and the epistemic communities producing them are fractured by language, discipline, and geography. Furthermore the distinction between these different forms of protection on the ground can be blurred. We also have to be careful about the value of this sort of comparison as the consequences of different forms of conservation for people and nonhuman nature are messy and diverse. Measures of effectiveness, moreover, focus on specific dimensions of conservation performance, which can omit other important dimensions. With these caveats, we report on findings observed by multiple study groups focusing on different regions and issues whose reports have been compiled into this article. There is a tendency in the data for community-based or co-managed governance arrangements to produce beneficial outcomes for people and nature. These arrangements are often accompanied by struggles between rural groups and powerful states. Findings are highly context specific and global generalizations have limited value. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Governmentality in Evidence? Evolving Rationalities of Forest Governance in Peru(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-06-01)During the recent decades, the effectiveness, sustainability and equity of environmental and resource policies have become increasingly intertwined in governance reforms. This situation with potentially inherent trade-offs has challenged not only the policy planners and implementers, but also the scientific and expert communities to justify the role of specific forms of scientific knowledge in the pursue of multiple and often conflicting objectives. Evidence is a closure of a particular science-policy interface in which the offered scientific knowledge satisfies institutional decision-making criteria. Therefore, for decision-makers evidence is not only information that is judged useful to make their decisions but also a persuasive tool for them to justify the decisions made through giving reasons. We focus on how different prevailing decision-making and administrative rationalities, governmentalities, have shaped the knowledge base and epistemic requirements of forest governance in Peru. We depict a shift from a forester-dominated to legalistic and neoliberal forest governance structure whose main goal has been to foster the forest economy under an economistic sustainable resource use mentality. Increasingly complex administrative processes to support tracing timber extraction, transport and trade have resulted from the institutional adjustments, but, parallelly, also emerging participatory planning processes have challenged and re-politicized the forest governance structure. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Challenging State Authority and Hierarchical Power: A Case Study of the Engagement of Peru's Amazonian Indigenous Peoples' Organizations in the Governance of REDD+(Wiley, 2023-06-03)The reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD+) mechanism is a climate change mitigation policy tool widely used in tropical forested countries that faces institutional and governance challenges in its implementation. Peru provides a particularly rich case study to analyze the agency of Amazonian Indigenous Peoples' organizations (IPOs) in the development of a national REDD+ policy. We examine the multi‐scalar interaction between the Peruvian State and IPOs in the governance of REDD+, identifying the role of Amazonian Indigenous groups in this process. Drawing on socio‐ecological governance and political economy approaches, we analyze data collected through interviews and participant observation. The article provides a case study of how IPOs work within the evolving governance system of REDD+ in Peru—both in responding to opportunities and in shaping the emergent system. Furthermore, it reveals that IPOs' rights and equity frame—deployed through several multi‐scalar strategies—has finally found a place in Peru's REDD+ governance. This has resulted in a more pluralistic mode of coordination between the State and IPOs and in the increase of the socio‐political empowerment of Indigenous Peoples. Our analysis suggests that Peru's REDD+ policies could progress toward more equitable outcomes through a true operationalization of cohesiveness and inclusiveness that encourages a meaningful relationship building between the state and Indigenous Peoples.