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    Rights for development. An analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of human rights approach to overcoming food insecurity and gender discrimination
    (2021-01-01)
    This article explores the advantages and disadvantages of using a human rights-based approach to addressing two persistent development challenges: food insecurity and gender discrimination. As an exploratory paper, it does not propose a thesis but rather defines key concepts and legal norms of the human rights-based approach (HRBA), as well as its implications for food security and gender discrimination. Despite its exploratory nature, the paper remains a fair starting point for a more critical examination of the role played by human rights in the development field. This paper is divided into four sections. The first section lays forth a theoretical framework for HRBA, emphasizing its key features and operational principles. The second section explores the benefits and drawbacks of using HRBA to achieve development goals. The third section proposes some guidelines to achieve a world without hunger and food insecurity. The fourth section discusses how HRBA might contribute to overcoming gender discrimination. Finally, I outline the main takeaways.
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    Speaking Their Language: Language Inclusion and YouTube Agricultural Content Engagement in Africa
    (Wiley, 2026-03-01)
    Efficiently educating farmers in effective agricultural practices is critical in resource‐limited developing countries. YouTube, with its broad accessibility and built‐in viewership tracking, presents a potential scalable platform for agricultural education. This study assesses how language inclusion policies affect engagement with agricultural YouTube content. We conducted a case study using a video campaign to address post‐harvest loss in Africa, featuring an educational animation translated into 14 Ghanaian, 35 Kenyan, and 16 Nigerian languages. The campaign was distributed through paid YouTube ads. Two inclusion policies were evaluated through computational simulations using real‐world data: equal opportunity (i.e., equal spending across languages) and equal outcome (i.e., adjusted spending to equalize viewership across languages). We also estimated viewership under two additional scenarios: using only the official language and using the most cost‐effective language for each country. The most cost‐effective campaigns coincided with the official language of English in Ghana (8.9 viewers per USD) and Nigeria (3.1 viewers per USD), but not in Kenya, where the most effective language campaign was Kikuyu (16.2 viewers/USD). Overall, the equal spending policy reduced viewership by 43%, while the equal outcome policy reduced viewership by 66% compared to campaigns in official languages. However, results show country‐specific trends. Differences in viewership between inclusion policies were minimal in Ghana and Nigeria. Conversely, in Kenya, the discrepancy in inclusion policy impact was more pronounced, suggesting that in certain regions, more inclusive policies are likely to significantly influence viewership levels. These findings highlight the importance of localized evaluations of inclusion policies in digital agricultural education.
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