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Item type:Publication, Quantification of the benefits derived from the nature-based solutions in the very arid and densified urban context of metropolitan Lima(University of São Paulo, 2022-11-21)Increasing the proportion of local vegetated surfaces within the highly densified context of Lima, Peru is considered a key local strategy of sustainable development. However, it may experience limitations as it could exacerbate water stress in the city. Therefore, quantifying the scale of benefits derived from local vegetated surfaces, mainly in terms of sensitivity to water use and urban temperature regulation, is necessary to optimize the management of water use for its preservation. The application of the international tool, Green Area Ratio at the local level, could contribute so that the increase in the proportion of vegetated surfaces in Lima considers a multifunctional sense to improve urban quality in different social, urban and environmental aspects.The results show that in order to be applied in the arid context of Lima, the tool would require adaptation, mainly of the scoring system, especially high values commonly assigned by foreign versions to some vegetated-based systems. This would make the version of the Green Area Ratio suggested for Lima in this study a novel and unique system, which demands further deeper research. However, it can be used as a preliminary framework based on scientific evidence, in case its official application is considered to support local sustainability guidelines and/or quality improvement plans for green areas. Its application could strengthen the implementation of multifunctional vegetable surfaces and nature-based solutions adapted to the aridity of the context. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Effective DC power rating of PV arrays under challenging operating conditions in desert and tropical regions(Elsevier, 2026)The accurate characterization of photovoltaic (PV) system performance is essential for diagnostics, benchmarking, and O&M. Conventional performance ratio (PR) metrics, standardized in IEC 61724–1, are widely used but remain highly sensitive to irradiance variability, thermal dynamics, and curtailment, often generating false alarms in challenging climates. This study extends a recently proposed statistical method for estimating the effective DC power rating (P₀,eff), the array's nominal power corrected to standard test conditions, by testing multiple irradiance thresholds at two contrasting Peruvian sites: the arid desert of Lima and the tropical rainforest of Chachapoyas. Results show that P₀,eff provides a more stable indicator than PR and PR₍₂₅₎, with uncertainties below 3%. High thresholds (>800 W/m²) yielded the lowest variability (≈1%), while intermediate thresholds (>600 W/m²) balanced stability with greater data coverage. In Lima, the method captured capacity losses from dust deposition, whereas in Chachapoyas it proved robust under persistent cloudiness, where PR fluctuated strongly. A monitoring protocol is proposed in which PR serves as the primary indicator and P₀,eff validates alarms when PR falls below a threshold. This combined approach reduces false alarms while retaining sensitivity to genuine performance losses, offering a practical and climate-resilient tool for PV monitoring and O&M optimization. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Performance loss rate and benchmarking of c-Si and thin-film PV modules considering thermal and spectral effects at a low-latitude site(Elsevier, 2026)Field-based assessment of photovoltaic (PV) module performance provides key insights for accurate lifespan prediction and reliability analysis. However, two significant research gaps remain: the scarcity of long-term evaluations in low-latitude regions and the limited application of established ensemble methods under diverse climatic conditions. This study presents a long-term field performance analysis of eight PV technologies installed in Lima, Peru, a subtropical desert climate at low latitude. Module Performance Ratio (MPR) was evaluated considering the effects of measured temperature and spectral variations. For c-Si-based modules, thermal losses ranged from - 2.7 % to - 4.3 %, while thin-film modules exhibited smaller thermal impacts (- 2.2 % to - 2.6 %). Spectral losses in c-Si modules ranged from - 0.7 % to - 1.5 %. Conversely, a-Si modules recorded spectral gains of 5.7 %. Additional analysis of open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor revealed distinct performance degradation pathways across technologies. Ensemble-derived Performance Loss Rates (PLR), combined with climate-influencing factors, enabled benchmarking and 25-year energy yield projections. Our reported PLRs of up to - 1.61 %/year for c-Si slightly exceed reported global-median PLRs, suggesting detrimental effects of Lima’s high humidity and UV exposure. Projections indicate that in Lima HIT modules may outperform IBC and PERT technologies, underscoring the value of region-specific, long-term PV performance studies.