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Item type:Publication, Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment(University of Cambridge, 2020-01-01)The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5σ, for all δCP values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3σ (5σ) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all δCP values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to sin22θ13 to current reactor experiments. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
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Item type:Publication, An approach for managing the Internet of things’ resources to optimize the energy consumption using a nature-inspired optimization algorithm and Markov model(Elsevier Inc., 2022-12-01)The Internet of Things (IoT) is a developed communication idea in which connectivity and intelligence are added to nearly every device in a real-world context. From a technological standpoint, IoT provides a computational and communications capability to an item to connect to the Internet. Resource management policies are integral to IoT systems to ensure service quality and prevent energy loss and resource fragmentation. The resource management architecture includes some parts that coherently control resources in a way that minimizes resource loss in addition to offsetting the application service quality limitations. To this aim, planning and scheduling components are critical in determining the condition of available resources and the best candidates for hosting a program module. We proposed a method to handle IoT's resources utilizing a nature-inspired optimization algorithm and a Markov model to solve these restrictions. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated to current IoT access management systems in this article. In comparison to earlier approaches, the results demonstrated the efficacy of the new approach in terms of execution time and energy consumption. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, An analysis of the operation factors of three PSO-GA-ED meta-heuristic search methods for solving a single-objective optimization problem(Hindawi Limited, 2022-01-01)In this study, we evaluate several nongradient (evolutionary) search strategies for minimizing mathematical function expressions. We developed and tested the genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, and differential evolution in order to assess their general efficacy in optimization of mathematical equations. A comparison is then made between the results and the efficiency, which is determined by the number of iterations, the observed accuracy, and the overall run time. Additionally, the optimization employs 12 functions from Easom, Holder table, Michalewicz, Ackley, Rastrigin, Rosen, Rosen Brock, Shubert, Sphere, Schaffer, Himmelblau's, and Spring Force Vanderplaats. Furthermore, the crossover rate, mutation rate, and scaling factor are evaluated to determine the effectiveness of the following algorithms. According to the results of the comparison of optimization algorithms, the DE algorithm has the lowest time complexity of the others. Furthermore, GA demonstrated the greatest degree of temporal complexity. As a result, using the PSO method produces different results when repeating the same algorithm with low reliability in terms of locating the optimal location. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, A 3D-printed knee wearable goniometer with a mobile-app interface for measuring range of motion and monitoring activities(MDPI, 2022-02-01)Wearable technology has been developed in recent years to monitor biomechanical variables in less restricted environments and in a more affordable way than optical motion capture systems. This paper proposes the development of a 3D printed knee wearable goniometer that uses a Hall-effect sensor to measure the knee flexion angle, which works with a mobile app that shows the angle in real-time as well as the activity the user is performing (standing, sitting, or walking). Detection of the activity is done through an algorithm that uses the knee angle and angular speeds as inputs. The measurements of the wearable are compared with a commercial goniometer, and, with the Aktos-t system, a commercial motion capture system based on inertial sensors, at three speeds of gait (4.0 km/h, 4.5 km/h, and 5.0 km/h) in nine participants. Specifically, the four differences between maximum and minimum peaks in the gait cycle, starting with heel-strike, were compared by using the mean absolute error, which was between 2.46 and 12.49 on average. In addition, the algorithm was able to predict the three activities during online testing in one participant and detected on average 94.66% of the gait cycles performed by the participants during offline testing.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in Marine Mammals and Seabirds in Peru(Nature Research, 2023-12-01)Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A/H5N1 viruses (lineage 2.3.4.4b) are rapidly invading the Americas, threatening wildlife, poultry, and potentially evolving into the next global pandemic. In November 2022 HPAI arrived in Peru, triggering massive pelican and sea lion die-offs. We report genomic characterization of HPAI/H5N1 in five species of marine mammals and seabirds (dolphins, sea lions, sanderlings, pelicans and cormorants). Peruvian viruses belong to lineage 2.3.4.4b, but they are 4:4 reassortants where 4 genomic segments (PA, HA, NA and MP) position within the Eurasian lineage that initially entered North America from Eurasia, while the other 4 genomic segments (PB2, PB1, NP and NS) position within the American lineage (clade C) that circulated in North America. These viruses are rapidly accruing mutations, including mutations of concern, that warrant further examination and highlight an urgent need for active local surveillance to manage outbreaks and limit spillover into other species, including humans. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, A New Method for Solving the Mobile Payment Scheduling Problem Using Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm During the COVID-19 Pandemic(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-01-01)The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic is causing once-in-a-century upheavals in global civilization. Payment systems have advanced lately, from simple cash or credit card transactions to various forms of mobile payment systems. This transformation is occurred due to COVID 19 and shifts in the economy, the growth of social networks, technical advancements on the Internet, and the increased usage of mobile devices. Throughout COVID19, this article offers a unique approach to the payment scheduling issue, which seeks out a timetable that enhances the project's stakeholders' benefit. Both the sponsor and the contractor in a project want to have a strong payment plan on their own. To create an equal schedule between the sponsor and the development team, the timing of payments and the completion periods of project activities are decided concurrently. The Harris hawks optimization method is designed to tackle the problem because of its high NP-hardness. Harris hawks optimization is a novel meta-heuristic nature-inspired optimizer inspired by how Harris hawks hunt food in nature. By comparing the suggested Harris hawks optimization optimizer to existing nature-inspired methods, the efficacy of the suggested Harris hawks optimization optimizer is determined. The Harris hawks optimization algorithm appears to be highly promising based on the statistical findings and comparisons. The MATLAB simulator's simulation findings confirm the algorithm's superiority over earlier efforts regarding energy, cost, delay time, and net value.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Measurement of the production cross section of prompt Ξc0 baryons in p–Pb collisions at √ˢɴɴ =5.02 TeV(Springer Nature, 2025)The transverse momentum (Pᴛ) differential production cross section of the promptly produced charm-strange baryon ⁰c (and its charge conjugate ⁰c) is measuredat midrapidity via its hadronic decay into π⁺⁻ in p-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon collision √ˢɴɴ = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The ⁰c nuclear modification factor ( RpPb), calculated from the cross sections in pp and p-Pb collisions, is presented and compared with the RpPb of Λ⁺c baryons. The ratios between the Pᴛ-differential production cross section of ⁰c baryons and those of D⁰ mesons and Λ⁺c baryons are also reported and compared with results at forward and backward rapidity from the LHCb Collaboration. The measurements of the production cross section of prompt ⁰c baryons are compared with a model based on perturbative QCD calculations of charm-quark production cross sections, which includes only cold nuclear matter effects in p-Pb collisions, and under- estimates the measurement by a factor of about 50. This discrepancy is reduced when the data is compared with a model that includes string formation beyond leading-colour approximation or in which hadronisation is implemented via quark coalescence. The Pᴛ-integrated cross section of prompt ⁰c -baryon production at midrapidity extrapolated down to Pᴛ = 0 is also reported. These measurements offer insights and constraints for theoretical calculations of the hadronisation process. Additionally, they provide inputs for the calculation of the charm production cross section in p-Pb collisions at midrapidity.2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Measurement of the inclusive isolated-photon production cross section in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV(Springer Nature, 2025)The production cross section of inclusive isolated photons has been measured by the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at centre-of-momentum energy of √s = 13 TeV collected during the LHC Run 2 data-taking period. The measurement is performed by combining the measurements of the electromagnetic calorimeter EMCal and the central tracking detectors ITS and TPC, covering a pseudorapidity range of |ηʸ| < 0.67 and a transverse momentum range of 7 < Pʸᴛ < 200 GeV/c. The result extends to lower Pʸᴛ and Xʸᴛ = 2pʸᴛ\√s ranges, the lowest Xʸᴛ of any isolated photon measurements to date, extending significantly those measured by the ATLAS and CMS experiments towards lower pʸᴛ at the same collision energy with a small overlap between the measurements. The measurement is compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and the results from the ATLAS and CMS experiments as well as with measurements at other collision energies. The measurement and theory prediction are in agreement with each other within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties.8 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Multi-Frequency Regularized Approach for Simultaneous Estimation of the Acoustic Nonlinearity Parameter and Attenuation Coefficient(IEEE Computer Society, 2025)The acoustic nonlinearity parameter (B/A) could enhance conventional ultrasound diagnostics in diseases associated with changes in fat tissue content. Recently, a simultaneous estimator of the B/A and the attenuation coefficient (AC) in pulse-echo was introduced, which was based on fitting measurements derived from backscattered data from a dual-energy model to a nonlinear model using the Gauss-Newton Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (GNLM). However, the GNLM algorithm presented high sensitivity to the initial guess values. This paper improves the Gauss-Newton method by using data from several tone-burst transmissions at different center frequencies rather than only one narrowband tone-burst. In addition, it is combined with a total variation regularization approach (GNTV). The results in simulated and experimental phantoms suggest that incorporating regularization and increasing the number of transmission frequencies improves robustness compared to the GNLM method by accurately estimating B/A values (mean relative error less than 13% in the experiments).1