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Item type:Publication, Paiján Point Technology in Brazil? Morpho-technological Considerations on a Crystal Quartz Point(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2026-01-01)We report a Paiján-style crystal quartz projectile point from Ilha dos Moisés (São Francisco River, Northeast Brazil), far beyond the securely documented Andean range of Paiján technology and recovered from a surface palimpsest. Using diagnostic criteria, morphometrics, and technological comparison with the Peruvian reference series, we assess similarity at the artifact level. The specimen displays a pronounced apical “needle,” a convex-sided body, and a barbed basal unit, shaped through controlled bifacial thinning by soft-hammer percussion and localized pressure retouch within the notches, resulting in marked bilateral symmetry and minimal thickness variation. Selective cortex retention and blank orientation to enhance internal planar features further suggest deliberate aesthetic planning and display value. Despite the surface context, the specimen anchors an artifact-level identification of the Paiján style in Northeast Brazil and provides explicit criteria for future comparative testing. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Techno-structural and 3-D geometric morphometric analysis applied for investigating the variability of Holocene unifacial tools in tropical Central Brazil(Public Library of Science, 2025-01-01)During the transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene and in the early Holocene period, hunter-gatherer communities across tropical South America deployed a range of technological strategies to adapt to diverse environmental conditions. This period witnessed a rich tapestry of technological practices, from enduring, widely disseminated tools to local and sporadically utilized technologies, shaping a multifaceted landscape of technological traditions. Lithic technology during this period was mainly marked by localized sourcing of raw materials, the use of multifunctional tools, a variety of projectile point designs, and the frequently utilization of unifacial shaping technology. In tropical Central Brazil, the Itaparica technocomplex, with unique unifacial lithic tools like limaces, is a pivotal innovation from the Late Pleistocene through the Holocene. However, the factors influencing their morphological and structural variability remain largely unexplored, obscuring our understanding of their ergonomics and their role as mediators between humans and tropical environments. This study hypothesizes that the variability observed within and among unifacial tools from the GO-Ni sites in Central Brazil is a result of a combination of factors, including raw material availability and functional and ergonomic requirements. To test this hypothesis, a study of 67 unifacial tools from this region was conducted, employing techno-structural analysis and 3D geometric morphometrics. This approach was designed to precisely quantify tool geometry and uncover their functional potentials. The analysis revealed significant variability within the techno-structural groups, often intersecting with typological classifications. These results indicate that despite their production attributes, unifacially shaped artifacts demonstrate considerable morpho-structural diversity. The study delineated nine distinct techno-structural groups, each suggesting potentially different functional organizations and deviating from conventional typologies. These results indicate that unifacially shaped artifacts, while embodying a novel technological paradigm of production, exhibit a broader spectrum of variation mainly due to different tool functions. The combined approach adopted in this research highlights on the cultural significance of unifacial tools within Paleoamerican technological systems. It suggests probable unique tool concepts specific to the study area, challenges existing classifications, and enriches our comprehension of early lithic technology in South America.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Microscopic Use-Wear Evidence for an Itaparica Uniface as a Hafted Multifunctional Tool(Taylor & Francis, 2025-01-01)This report presents the results of a microscopic use-wear analysis on a unifacial tool from an Itaparica-like context at the Toca dos Coqueiros site, in Serra da Capivara National Park, Northeastern Brazil. The analysis focuses on evidence of hafting and multifunctionality. These artifacts, found in central and northeastern Brazil from the late Pleistocene to the early Holocene, are associated with the Itaparica technocomplex. We present evidence of butchery, ochre processing, and hafting with resin residues, suggesting complex hafting systems. Functional hypotheses are proposed based on microscopic and macroscopic observations.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, De la forma a la estructura en tecnología lítica: una nueva metodología para los Andes Centrales (Perú)(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2025-05-07)This article presents a methodology for the technostructural analysis of carved lithic artifacts that aims to understand how tools were used in the past. The proposal is based on the premise that all tools are a threefold structured system that comprises three parts: transformative, prehensility and energy reception. An artifact belonging to the lithic assemblage recovered at the site of Vadopampa in Ayacucho, Peru, has been analysed with the help of students as an example of the application of the technostructural approach. The paper thus introduces a new methodology for the Central Andes in a didactic and critical way, promotes a dynamic perspective for lithic tools, and assesses the potential and the limits of all technological interpretations. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, 3D modeling as a tool for Paiján artifact preservation, dissemination, and analysis(Elsevier BV, 2025-06-01)Paiján lithic studies have provided significant insights into the technological behaviors of hunter-gatherer groups in the Andean region during the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene. Over decades, research has predominantly relied on typological, technological, and experimental approaches. While valuable, these methods often lack quantification, replicability, and are heavily influenced by analysts’ experience and intuition. Estimating volumes, angles, convexities, and cross-sections remains challenging and subjective. This study evaluates the potential of 3D tools to address these limitations. We applied 3D and documentation techniques to a lithic sample from Quebrada Santo Domingo (Laredo, Trujillo) in the subtropical desert of the lower Moche Valley, northern Peru. These artifacts face destruction due to industrial and urban expansion, underscoring the urgency of their preservation. Our findings demonstrate the utility of 3D analysis in enhancing the accuracy of shape and geometry assessments while supporting digital preservation and enabling broader, more objective dissemination of archaeological data.3