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Item type:Publication, Industry 4.0 evolutionary framework: The increasing need to include the human factor(Alberto Hurtado University, 2022-01-01)Since 2011, when it appeared as a concept, "Industry 4.0" has been expanding worldwide, impacting many organizations' productivity, performance, and supply chain, especially in developed economies. Prior research has focused mainly on conceptualization, modeling, and technological and operative improvements in the supply chain. Based on a systematic literature review and considering the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic as a major milestone in the global industry, this study proposes a new framework for the analysis of Industry 4.0's evolution, which is divided into three phases: (a) from the beginnings through 2011, (b) Industry 4.0 Process Development: 2012-2019, and (c) the human factor challenge after the COVID-19. In this last phase, the human factor is equally essential as technology selection and change management. To achieve long-term business success, the implementation of Industry 4.0 must consider human aspects, such as middle management leadership, the challenges of empowering operators 4.0, and workers' well-being. Finally, Industry 4.0 could foster a more sustainable, inclusive, and diverse business. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The mediating role of organizational culture between transformational leadership and organizational performance in SMEs(Emerald Publishing, 2024-06-13)Considering the entrepreneurship nature and the high number of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Latin American region, this study seeks to empirically test the relationship between organizational culture (OC), transformational leadership (TF) and organizational performance (OP) to support their long-term survival. Design/methodology/approach: Under a post-positivism paradigm, quantitative approach and correlational scope, this research analyzed the interrelationship between OC, TF and OP across Peruvian SMEs. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test the hypotheses based on the responses of 276 SMEs’ top executives from the commerce, services, manufacturing, construction and agriculture industries. Findings: OC fully mediates the relationship between TL and OP. Although TF solely does not drive OP, the mediating effect of OC is crucial for SMEs’ long-term survival, especially considering their contribution to employment, poverty reduction and GDP in developing countries. Entrepreneurial transformational leaders inspire their followers to achieve goals, strive to develop individual skills, transmit confidence and leave aside their own interests to focus on the common goal of growing their entrepreneurship competitively. Originality/value: The three variables under analysis have been applied to large companies and SMEs. However, this research enriches previous findings, highlighting the necessity for an adequate OC derived from an entrepreneur with TL, contributing to the survival of SMEs, whose results are critical for developing countries’ economies.